journalism
The journalism is the science that deals with the actors, structures and performance of journalism is concerned. She analyzes journalism on the basis of journalism theories . Journalism is therefore a branch of communication and media studies .
Journalism is to be separated from journalism research. Journalism research is the specialization in communicator research on journalism as distinct from (1) PR and PR research and (2) content in art and entertainment research. In turn, communicator research is, in addition to content analysis, media structures, usage research and impact research, a sub-area of communication science. Journalism (also journalism studies, journalism or journalism studies), on the other hand, is the specialization in communication studies on journalism as opposed to (1) PR and PR science and (2) content in art. It therefore includes all sub-areas of communication science (communicator research, journalism research, content analysis, media structures, usage research and impact research).
Journalism studies
The special aim of journalism is to integrate science and practice. Journalism studies is both fundamentally oriented and application-oriented. The course therefore usually also includes the regular participation of the students in teaching editors in the areas of print, online, radio and television. The journalism course differs in its theoretical aspects from the pure practical training in the traineeship and at journalism schools , in which essentially only the usual "manual" rules are taught.
The fields of work in journalism include a .:
- the historical development of journalism (see: media history )
- the legal rights and limits of journalism ( media law and freedom of the press )
- the structural requirements imposed by the legislature on journalism (see: internal plurality and external plurality )
- the economic aspects of journalism, such as media concentration
- the ethical rules of journalism (see: Press Code )
- the journalistic way of working (see: Journalism and Science )
- the journalistic forms of presentation , their structure and development
- Special features of journalism in the various media ( press , radio , television , internet )
- the effects of journalism, e.g. B. on public opinion (see also: Agenda-Setting )
- the normative description of the role of journalism in society (" fourth estate ")
- the comparison of the international forms of journalism (see: media system )
- the influence of Web 2.0 , for example through Twitter or YouTube
Many of these questions are also dealt with in other areas of communication science . However, since not all content in mass media is journalistic, journalism can be separated from other areas of communication science that explore aspects such as fictional or entertaining content (e.g., television series , entertainment shows ).
Since 2018 there has been a German-language online journal on this science: "Journalistik - Zeitschrift für Journalismusforschung".
Journalism courses are located at the universities of Dortmund, Eichstätt, Gießen, Hamburg, Leipzig and Mainz. The subject can also be studied at a number of universities of applied sciences. In the GDR there was a course in journalism at the Karl Marx University in Leipzig that was directly subordinate to the Central Committee of the SED .
literature
- Altmeppen, Klaus-Dieter / Hanitzsch, Thomas / Schlüter, Carsten (eds.) (2007): Theory of Journalism: Next Generation. Sociological foundation and theoretical innovation. Wiesbaden: VS.
- Hohlfeld, Ralf (2003): Journalism and Media Research. Theory, empiricism, transfer. Constance: UVK.
- Kaltenbrunner, Andy / Karmasin, Matthias / Kraus, Daniela / Zimmermann, Astrid (2007): The Journalists Report. Austria's media and their makers. Vienna: Facultas Verlag.
- Kaltenbrunner, Andy / Karmasin, Matthias / Kraus, Daniela / Zimmermann, Astrid (2008): The Journalists Report II. Austria's media makers and their motives. Vienna: Facultas.
- Öffelholz, Martin & Rothenberger, Liane (eds.) (2016): Handbuch Journalismustheorien. Wiesbaden: Springer VS, ISBN 978-3-531-18157-8 .
- Mast, Claudia (Ed.) (2008): ABC of Journalism. A manual. 11th, revised edition. Constance: UVK.
- Meier, Klaus (2013): Journalism. 3rd, revised edition. Constance: UVK, ISBN 9783825239237
- Nickl, M.Michael (1987): "Journalism is professional media rhetoric. An attempt at characterization", in: Publizistik / Vierteljahreshefte für Kommunikationforschung, 32nd Jg., 4, 449–467
- Weischenberg, Siegfried / Malik, Maja / Scholl, Armin (2006): The prompts of the media society. Report on the journalists in Germany. Constance: UVK.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Source: Website Journalistik.online , accessed on February 4, 2018.