Legal training in Greece

The legal education in Greece called the training necessary for work in the legal profession in Greece. It is two-tiered and is divided into a university and a practical professional section. On average, the training ends after 6.5 years.

Academic section

Completion of a law degree is a prerequisite for all legal curricula. Certain subject combinations are required for this when completing the Greek Lykeios (Greek Λύκειο). You can study law at three universities: Athens, Thessaloniki and Komotini.

The law degree lasts eight semesters (four years) and ends with the Ptychio Nomikis (gr. Πτυχίο Νομικής, Bachelor of Laws). The Ptychio can be followed by a postgraduate two-year master’s degree (gr. Μεταπτυχιακο Νομικης) . Examinations are passed if at least 5 points are achieved on a scale from 1 to 10; they can be repeated as often as desired. This is based on the following grading scale:

Greece (0.00 - 10.00)	ECTS	Distribution in%
Ἀριστα ( Arista, excellent ) (8.50 - 10.00)	ECTS A
Λίαν Καλώς ( Lian kalos, very good ) (6.50 - 8.50)	ECTS B
Καλώς ( kalos, good ) (5.00 - 6.49)	ECTS C
Without a degree

The university awards the Ptychio if the student has successfully completed 31 compulsory modules, 6 elective modules and 4 optional modules. The lectures and exams offered are 90% identical at the three universities. In the academic year 2012/2013 the courses in Athens were structured as follows:

Compulsory subjects	Elective courses	Compulsory subjects
Legal history Constitutional law General principles of civil law Introduction to Law Family law Criminal Law I: General Principles international law General administrative law Real estate law Tort law (general part) Criminal Law II: Crimes of the Criminal Code Commercial law (general part) European law Law of obligations (special part) Basic civil and social rights Civil Procedure Law I Criminal procedural law Inheritance law Administrative procedural law Law of commercial companies Securities law Individual labor law Applications of international and European law Civil Procedure Law II Legal philosophy International private law Collective labor law Practice of civil law Public Law Practice Practice of civil procedural law Practice of criminal law and criminal procedural law	State doctrine and political systems Methodology Legal sociology History of Political and Constitutional Institutions Canon Law Roman law Maritime law Bankruptcy law Insurance law Intellectual Property Exploitation rights Law of commercial contracts Environmental law Interim legal protection - voluntary jurisdiction - special types of proceedings Tax law Parliamentary law Special administrative law Social security law State planning and town planning law Greek political and constitutional history criminology Special criminal laws Sentencing law Commercial criminal law Forensic Psychology and Psychiatry international criminal law International organizations international business EU commercial law International protection of human rights	Political science Economics General sociology Ancient Greek Laws History of foreign policy Political history of ideas Juvenile criminal law Byzantine and Post-Byzantine Law law and economy Equality law in EU member states and at European level Criminal law and gender in national and European law Gender: Legal expressions of gender relations in modern Greece Institutional presentation of the functioning of gender in social policy Comparative law Media and communication law Criminology Banking law Immigration law Law of Free Competition Medical law Air and space law Organization of churches and international church institutions International business law Arbitration - International and European civil procedural law Modern forms of credit transactions and securities Sports law Legal informatics Introduction to financial accounting and analysis of financial spreadsheets European constitutional law

Pre-vocational section

lawyers

Further training takes place separately for judges , prosecutors and lawyers . Until the decree of the Kodikas Dikigoron (Κώδικας Δικηγόρων (N. 4194/2013, ΦΕΚ Α '208 / 27-9-2013)) in 2013, the training to become a lawyer was incumbent upon the lawyer according to the ordinance no Greek bar associations (Dikigorikos Syllogos, gr. Δικηγορικός Σύλλογος), now it is subordinate to the Ministry of Justice .

Since the 2013 reform, the lawyers-to-be has been followed by an 18-month vocational preparatory phase; he concludes with the admission test to the bar. During this time, the trainee works for a lawyer or a law firm admitted to a Greek Higher Regional Court or the Areopagus or at the Nomiko Symboulio tou Kratous (gr. Νομικό Συμβούλιο του Κράτους). Individual positions can be spent up to six months in the administration of a court, the public prosecutor's office or the bar association.

The admission test consists of written and oral exams in civil law, criminal law , commercial law , civil procedural law and criminal procedural law . The exam can be taken on two exam dates per year, on March 31 and September 30. If the candidate passes the exam, he is admitted to the courts of first instance as a dikigoros (gr. Δικηγόρος) .

Judge

The judging career requires a passed entrance examination at the Greek National Judges School (gr. Εθνική Σχολή Δικαστικών Λειτουργών) in Thessaloniki. The prerequisite for the examination is a completed law degree and a minimum age of 27 years and at least two years of practice as a lawyer. The entrance examination is different for each specialized jurisdiction (ordinary courts and administrative courts).

notary

The notarial activity requires a previous as a lawyer. The Ministry of Justice offers notarial examinations every year if vacancies are not filled. The legal basis is the Kodikas Symvolaiografon (Κώδικας Συμβολαιογράφων (Ν. 2830/2000), ΦΕΚ Α 96 / 16-3-2000).

literature

• Christina Deliyanni-Dimitrakou, Christina M. Akrivopoulou, Yannis Naziris: The role of practice in Greek legal education . In: Revue helĺenique de droit international . 2010, ISSN  0035-3256 .
• Kalliopi Kerameos: The lawyer in Greece . In: AnwBl . 2001, p. 349-353 ( online ).
• Nikolaos Kanellou Klamaris: The law degree in Greece in the era of the Bologna Process and its evaluation procedural regulations according to Law 3374/2005 . In: Yearbook of international civil procedure law . Vol. 10, 2005, pp. 181-194 .
• Irini Stamatoudi: An introduction to Greek legal education . In: European Journal of Legal Education . Vol. 1, No. 1 , 2004, p. 64-66 , doi : 10.1080 / 16841360408522921 .
• Lawyers Act (Κώδικας Δικηγόρων (N. 4194/2013, ΦΕΚ Α '208 / 27-9-2013), Greek)

Web links

• Information from the International Bar Association
• Information on Globalex

Individual evidence

1. ^ Hermann Stephan: No end to the expensive misery - the second state examination in law . In: NJW . 2003, p. 2800 .
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Information from the International Bar Association
3. ↑ The Committee of the Conference of Justice Ministers for the Coordination of Legal Training (ed.): Report on the possibilities and consequences of a Bachelor-Master structure based on various models, including the practical professional phase, taking into account the developed discussion model of a branch preparation service . 2011, p. 114 ( online [PDF]). Online ( Memento of the original from October 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
4. ↑ Kalliopi Kerameos: The lawyer in Greece . In: AnwBl . 2001, p. 349-353 ( online ).
5. ↑ Nikolaos Kanellou Klamaris: The law degree in Greece in the epoch of the Bologna Process and its evaluation procedural regulations according to Law 3374/2005 . In: Yearbook of international civil procedure law . Vol. 10, 2005, pp. 181-194 .
6. ↑ See for training before 2013: Kalliopi Kerameos: The lawyer in Greece . In: AnwBl . 2001, p. 349-353 ( online ).
7. ↑ ^{a b} Information on Globalex