Kämmer & Reinhardt
Kämmer & Reinhardt was a German company from Waltershausen in Thuringia that manufactured dolls.
history
When the company was founded in 1885, Waltershausen was a center of German doll production.
Franz Reinhardt and Ernst Kämmer mainly produced “ character dolls” and thus broke new ground in toy design. The company logo was registered in 1886. In the first few years the company operated in a small building on Burggasse, but not very successfully. After the local competitor Heinrich Handwerck died in 1902, Kämmer & Reinhardt were not only able to take over his company, but also to contact Simon & Halbig in Graefenhain . The second company location was created on August-Bebel-Straße.
Cooperation with Simon & Halbig
Kämmer modeled the heads for the character dolls of the so-called 100 series, which were then made from bisque porcelain at Simon & Halbig . The final assembly of the dolls with these heads took place again at Kämmer & Reinhardt. Dolls from this phase of cooperation can be recognized by the double sign. They not only bear the letters K&R for Kämmer & Reinhardt and the company logo, a six-pointed star, but also the initials of Simon & Halbig. From 1912 the names Simon and Halbig were also written out.
Celluloid from the Rheinische Gummi- und Celluloidwarenfabrik
The invention of the celluloid brought about a change. Kämmer & Reinhardt now obtained blanks from the Rheinische Gummi- and Celluloidwarenfabrik, later the Schildkröt company . These were made according to Kämmers & Reinhardt's models. The designer at this time was Karl Kraußer. In-house, Kämmer & Reinhardt provided these blanks with a vermilion or carmine color and with the llama varnish, which protected the dolls from the effects of water and from yellowing. Dolls from this collaboration also have a double signature, the letters K & R now have the turtle without a diamond.
Copyright protection
Kämmer & Reinhardt had patents and names protected in good time. In 1908 it was the so-called rogue eyes, in 1909 the name character doll, in 1916 the “bad habit” that prevented the folding eyes from closing when the doll was lying down, in 1920 modified ball joint bodies and in 1930 the universal joint Nollipolli.
Designation of the individual series and types
The company's three-digit numbering system enables the product groups to be classified. The first digit of the three-digit number refers to the material or type of head; For example, the 100 dolls generally have bisque crank heads, the 200 dolls bisque or celluloid breast heads, and the 500 and 600 dolls are dark-skinned.
From 1902 the dolls were given names in addition to the model number. The first specially named doll model K&R 717, “My Favorite”, was an export hit. B. in the US as "My Darling" or "My Rose Darling" was sold.
The character dolls were given more real features from around 1909. The models were now often designed by artists. Among other things, here was Arthur Lewin-Funcke operates the 103 and 105 created the prototypes of the models K & R 100, one hundred and first These character dolls were also known as artist dolls.
From 1930 the models Puz and Pummelchen were also sold; Chubby had a soft body. From a size of 33 cm these dolls were provided with the bad habit.
In the period after World War II , two-digit model numbers were common; however, the dolls resembled those of the prewar period.
Takeover and end of production
Kämmer died in 1901, Reinhardt not until 1933. But from 1916 the majority of the company belonged to Bing from Nuremberg . Production ended in 1958.
Catalogs
- 1922–1928: Kämmer & Reinhardt - Waltershausen
Web links
- Three doll children by Kämmer & Reinhardt , accessed on March 23, 2013
Individual evidence
- ↑ Puppenstadt Waltershausen ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b c Doll University Vienna
- ↑ Heimatverein Waltershausen: leaflet on the doll industry as part of the series “800 Years of Waltershausen”, Waltershausen 2009.
- Jump up ↑ company history on samm-sammler.de
