Simon & Halbig
Simon & Halbig ( SH or S & H ) was a porcelain factory founded in Graefenhain in the 19th century , from which one of the largest doll head manufacturers in Germany developed.
history
The company was founded in 1869 by Wilhelm Simon and Carl Halbig.However, since the co-founder Wilhelm Simon was also a toy manufacturer and also produced dolls, the company quickly began to manufacture dolls' heads made of biscuit porcelain for its own use and for other companies.
From 1902 Simon & Halbig supplied bisque heads for numerous doll manufacturers throughout Europe , in particular all bisque heads for the company Kämmer & Reinhardt (K & R). The reason for the takeover of S & R by K & R in 1920 is believed to be related to this dependency. However, the S&R trademark was used until 1939 or later.
The doll manufacturers who had heads produced by S & H included CM Bergmann , Carl Bergner , Cuno & Otto Dressel , R. Eekhoff , Fleischmann & Bloedel , Hamburger & Co. , Heinrich Handwerck , Adolf Hülls , Jumeau , Louis Lindner , Roullet & Decamps , Franz Schmidt & Co. , SFBJ , Carl Trautmann , Welsch & Co. , Hugo Wiegand , Wiesenthal, Schindel & Kallenberg and Adolf Wislizenus . S & R reserved mold numbers and trade names for these.
After 1930 Simon & Halbig's successor was the Graefenhain ceramic factory, which used the KWG brand .
Marks and dates
For collectors , the shoulder heads by Simon & Halbig are among the oldest biscuit objects with a mark. The oldest known mark is the SH stamp . In 1875, the “Sitting Chinese” as a registered trademark for packaging followed. The addition DEP in the brand of SH is to be found until the year 1888. From 1905, transformed the stamped into the Products Firms shortcuts in S & H . However, it is usually difficult to date individual objects precisely, as the numbers embossed on the shapes - usually either on the back of the head or on the front or back of the shoulder plates of the porcelain head dolls - were sometimes used for different sizes and sometimes for decades .
Literature (selection)
- Jean Bach: International Handbook of Doll Brands. A doll identification book , English original title: The main street dictionary of doll marks , translated by Wolfgang Hartmann, Munich: Laterna Magica, 1989, ISBN 3-87467-389-8 ; P. 118f. u.ö .; contents
- Jürgen Cieslik , Marianne Cieslik : Cieslik's Lexicon of the German Doll Industry. Brands, data, facts , 2nd, revised edition, Hamburg: Marquardt & Wellhausen; Jülich: Cieslik, 1989, ISBN 978-3-939806-20-2 (Wellhausen & Marquardt) and ISBN 3-921844-20-7 (Cieslik)
Web links
- Antique dolls maker and their markings - Simon & Halbig
- NN : "Philipp" / Around 1909, from the Simon + Halbig porcelain factory / bisque character doll with toddler body, known in collectors' literature under the name "Philipp". Character series 1909 based on a design by Kämmer and Reinhardt , text and video clip from the show Kunst und Krempel on December 14, 2013 on the BR Fernsehen website
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Jean Bach: Simon & Halbig, Graefenhain in ders .: Internationales Handbuch der Puppenmarken ... , S. 118f.
- ↑ a b Dawn Herlocher: Doll Makers & Marks: A Guide to Identification , Antique Trader Books, 1999, p 82; Preview over google books
Coordinates: 50 ° 50 ′ 12.3 " N , 10 ° 40 ′ 5.6" E