Kakemono
A kakemono ( Japanese掛 け 物) or kakejiku (掛 け 軸) is a Japanese, vertical scroll painting. It is a sheet of paper or silk that is painted or written on with ink or watercolors and held at the top and bottom by a round stick. The high Tatejiku (立軸) is differentiated from the wide Yokojiku (横軸). In contrast, the Makimono (巻 物) represents a long roll, which is stabilized on both sides by a stick.
Kakemono are unrolled, especially on festive days or to visit a special guest, and hung on the wall or in a traditional niche, the tokonoma . The Makimono is usually rolled out on the floor and otherwise stored rolled up. In a Japanese tea house , a kakemono is usually part of an arrangement together with an ikebana to support the calming atmosphere for the Japanese tea ceremony . Unlike the Japanese wall screen , a Kakemono can be exchanged and stowed away very quickly.
Kakemono with calligraphic Buddhist sayings ( Kōan ), which are chosen by the Chajin to match the occasion and always have a meditative background, are important in the tea ceremony .
history
The Kakemono ( Chinese 挂 / 掛圖 , Pinyin gua4tu2 ) was introduced to Japan during the Heian period from China, where it also exists today. Buddhists saw early forms as religious images or as a medium for their calligraphy and poetic writings. It was not until the Muromachi period that landscapes, flowers and birds became the preferred motifs for the scrolls. Today one can also increasingly find picture scrolls with Japanese manga motifs or pictures with popular Kung Fu actors in the form of traditional picture scrolls.
literature
- Kakemono . In: Kurt Fassmann (Hrsg.): Subject dictionary of world painting. Volume VI of Kindler's Malereilexikon , Kindler Verlag, Zurich 1964–1971.
- Kakemono . In: Harald Olbrich (Ed.): Lexicon of Art. Architecture, fine arts, applied arts, industrial design, art theory. Volume 3 (Greg - conv.). Revised edition, Deutscher Taschenbuchverlag, Munich 1996, ISBN 978-3-423-05906-0 (digital edition: Directmedia Publishing, Berlin 2006, ISBN 978-3-89853-743-8 ).
