Kinoptikum Gaspoltshofen
Coordinates: 48 ° 8 '34' N , 13 ° 44 '10 " O The Kinoptikum Gaspoltshofen is a Kinomuseum in Upper Austrian Gaspoltshofen in which the visitor insight into the history and technology of the cinema obtained.
Emergence
The kinOptikum , which opened in May 2006, is based on an initiative of the cultural initiative spielraum . This reactivated the former cinema in Gaspoltshofen in the early 1990s and has been offering a cultural program there ever since. The first adaptation work took place in 1990, but only after the acquaintance with LETC (Lifka's Electric Theater Company - this group restored one of the oldest functional film projectors in the world - Carl-Friedrich Lifka's Gaumont from 1899) and the considerations for the revitalization of empty buildings in Gaspoltshofen as part of the local development concept condensed into the current exhibition.
concept
The exhibition is essentially divided into three areas:
- Basics for the projection of "moving images" with interactive models
- “Cinema through the Ages” presents the history of the cinema using exhibits from the history of the cinema.
- "The film as a medium"
It is basically guided through the exhibition. The film shown in the digital miniKINO can be selected by the visitor.
The photo exhibition "Once under the day" can be seen in the mock house opposite. “KinOptikum” and “Einst unter Tag” are part of the Upper Austrian coal road .
Brief overview of the illustrated history of the cinema
Moving pictures
The end of the 19th century was developed and invented worldwide: Based on the long-known sluggishness of the human eye and the first photographic phase images (e.g. "The Horse in Motion" - the phases of movement of the galloping horse by Eadweard Muybridge , 1872) The most varied of apparatuses were built: in 1878 the zoo practice of Muybridge, in 1887 the Schnellseher von Anschütz or 1891 the kinetoscope by Thomas A. Edison. The latter already contained about 10 m 35 mm wide film, which is still the standard for all cinema films today, but only one person could watch it at a time. Edison provided the kinetoscope with a coin-operated machine and promised high income from the devices popularly known as “peep-hole”. So it came to the curious situation that Edison, although a bitter opponent of the cinema, built the world's first film studio.
Beginnings of the cinema
On December 28, 1895, the first public film screening took place in front of a large, paying audience in the Grand Café on Boulevard des Capucines in Paris, in which the Lumière brothers presented their cinematographs and showed 15 short films they had made themselves. Showmen, who went from fair to fair, took on the new technology and from now on no longer only showed static fog images in their tents , but moving images. Films of a few minutes in length were shown and in between there were, for example, clown or pantomime performances.
The oldest projector in the exhibition is that of Carl Friedrich Lifka, who traveled through Austria-Hungary with it from 1899 to 1909 before settling in Linz. His projector was manufactured by Gaumont (Paris) in France in 1899 and is one of the very few in the world that is still functional from that time.
Silent movie
After the first steps, the first feature films were made through film editing and montage, but still without sound. At the same time, the first fixed cinemas were built. Actors like Pat & Patachon , Charlie Chaplin or Buster Keaton are remembered from this era.
The kinOptikum presents this era with corresponding projectors, for example an Ernemann Imperator from 1909. Projector heads with tachometers - silent films were often shown at different speeds - can also be found, as can the first attempts with long-playing records (gramophone) to combine image and sound.
Sound film
With the optical sound process it was possible in the 1920s to play image and sound synchronously. This changed a lot: not all stars of the silent film era made the switch and the previously international film was now tied to language and could no longer be shown in a worldwide understandable manner. The development of the optical sound system was a particular technical challenge. The results are shown on the basis of sound devices (this is how the light pickups are called) of various designs and the corresponding amplifiers and speakers.
Technical innovations in the post-war period
With the economic recovery after the Second World War , the demands of the public also increase. The projection booths are equipped with two projectors for uninterrupted enjoyment of the film (previously there were frequent breaks to change the film rolls). In the mid-1950s, wide screen and cinemascope were introduced. For large screens, such as those needed in drive-in theaters, films are also produced with a width of 70 mm and the sound is recorded and played back as stereo sound and later as Dolby surround sound.
These developments can be seen in the kinOptikum on the basis of numerous exhibits. The only more important Austrian manufacturer was "Friedl-Chaloupka", who is honored with several exhibits. In addition, you can see, for example, the original workshop drawings that were used to manufacture these projectors.
Digital age
The last step in the technical development is the digitization of the cinema. What was initially only used in the production of a film (for example computer animations in action scenes) is now increasingly being used for playback in the cinema. The replacement of the 35 mm film that is still common today by digital processes is to be expected. The existing "mini cinema" already works with this technology. Here the visitor can see a film of his choice.
Cine film and video
In parallel to the development of the cinema, the development in the area of cine film and video is presented. The two Austrian manufacturers Eumig and Ditmar receive special mention.
Special exhibitions
In the special exhibition “Coal and Light” you can learn how coal was the light source for cinema projectors for a long time. At the same time, documentary film material about mining can be seen in Hausruck .
The "Rasende Müller", Gerold Klinger from Gaspoltshofen was not only three times Austrian national champion in the class up to 500 cm³ from 1956 to 1958, but also Europe's best private driver. "Gerold Klinger and his BMW" shows his motorcycles, and there is a matching film in the mini cinema.