Tilt wing (avian disease)
As flipper also saber wing or blocking vanes , a is malformation in birds referred to, in which the primaries are twisted so that the flight feathers in rest position outwardly projecting and often up by friction on the bottom of the quills are scuffed. Regardless of whether they occur on one or both sides, they make the affected animals unable to fly. Otherwise, the animals remain viable. Tilted wings can occur in all bird species, but are particularly common in geese and bustards and especially in slow-growing species of the temperate zone. The disease occurs primarily in birds that are fed unnaturally, for example in captivity or in geese that are fed on bread in parks. The malformation can also be observed in the commercial fattening of ducks and geese and can lead to performance losses.
A tilt wing occurs when the wing feathers form faster than the muscles and bones that normally hold the hand wing. The weight of the quills, which are initially filled with blood, pulls the hand downwards and in the further development the incorrect posture is fixed. The main cause is suspected to be an excessively high amount of calories or an excessively high protein content in the food. However, deficiencies in vitamins D and E or manganese as well as a lack of exercise and unfavorable conditions in the development of the egg can also play a role. In some breeding lines, tilted wings occur more frequently, so that a genetic influence is likely here .
The emergence of tilt wings can usually be avoided through a species-appropriate diet and keeping with movement options. In young birds, the malformation can still be reversible if recognized early and can be treated by bandaging the wing in the normal position. In older animals, a tilt wing is usually no longer treatable. The protruding flight springs can, however, be trimmed in order to avoid consequential injuries.
Web links
- Tilt wing at wildvogelhilfe.org
literature
- Jennifer E. Graham: Blackwell's Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Avian . John Wiley & Sons, Ames, Iowa 2016, ISBN 978-1-118-93459-3 , pp. 11-12 .
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Jennifer E. Graham: Blackwell's Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Avian . John Wiley & Sons, Ames, Iowa 2016, ISBN 978-1-118-93459-3 , pp. 11-12 .
- ↑ a b M. J. Lin, SC Chang, TY Lin, YS Cheng, YP Lee and YK Fan: Factors Affecting the Incidence of Angel Wing in White Roman Geese: Stocking Density and Genetic Selection. In: Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci., Vol. 29, No. 6, 2016, pp. 901-907, doi: 10.5713 / ajas.15.0456