Just off the mark
The Knapp-next-effect (in English near miss Effect is) a cognitive distortion in psychology . It describes the tendency in game situations to consider the probability of winning a coming round to be higher if the goal was just missed beforehand.
Neuropsychological research conducted by RL Reid in 2009 showed that the brain activity of gambling addicts when narrowly missing a win is similar to brain activity when winning.
This effect is more pronounced in people with gambling addiction than in casual gamers.
literature
- Jonah Teacher: The Near-Miss Effect , Wired website. March 28, 2011.
- Jamie Madigan: The Near Miss Effect and Game Rewards , psychologyofgames.com, September 2, 2016.
- Dixon, MR, Nastally, BL, Jackson, JE, & Habib, R. (2009): Altering the Near-Miss Effect in slot machine gamblers . Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 42, 913-918.
- Foxall, GR & Sigurdsson, V. (2012): When loss rewards: The near-miss effect in slot machine gambling . Analysis of Gambling Behavior, 6, 5-22.
- Habib, R. & Dixon, MR (2010): Neurobehavioral Evidence for the “Near-Miss” Effect in Pathological Gamblers . Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 93, 313-328.
- Lisa Kuhn: Playing with luck: On consumer psychology on the state gambling market , Diplomica Verlag, 2014, pp. 35–50, ISBN 9783958507494
Individual evidence
- ^ Reid, RL The psychology of the near miss. J Gambling Stud 2, 32-39 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01019932