Conjunctive adverb
Konjunktionaladverbien or Konnektoradverbien among the non- inflected speech and words - and at the same parts of a sentence - that combine phrases with each other or express relations between them.
In terms of their meanings, conjunctive adverbs are often similar to conjunctions , but syntactically they behave as adverbs . Conjunctional adverbs can be moved in the sentence and occupy the front or middle field . This distinguishes them from coordinating conjunctions that come before the run-up. Unlike subordinate conjunctions, they do not result in the final position of the finite verb.
- Example:
- It is snowing outside. Still I go on foot. (Apron)
- It is snowing outside. I still walk. (Midfield)
Furthermore, conjunctive adverbs can follow conjunctions (whereas it is not possible to combine several coordinating conjunctions).
- Example:
- It's snowing outside, but I still walk.
- It's snowing outside, but I still walk.
Often pronominal adverbs that begin with da (r) - or here- appear in the function of a conjunctive adverb :
- Example:
- Peter got a ticket. In addition , he gets very angry.
The Duden divides the conjunctive adverbs into the following semantic groups:
| Meaning class | Examples |
|---|---|
| copulative (stringing) | in addition, in addition, in addition, in addition, in addition, likewise, likewise, further, further, in addition |
| local | next to, above, below, in between |
| temporal | before, during, meanwhile, after, afterwards |
| causal (in the narrower sense) | consequently, consequently, consequently, with it, thus, consequently, therefore, therefore, therefore, therefore, namely |
| conditional (required) and consecutive (following) | if necessary, otherwise / otherwise, otherwise, if necessary, so, then |
| concessional (granting) | nonetheless, nonetheless, nonetheless, nonetheless, nevertheless, certainly, anyway, none the less |
| specifying: restrictive / explicit | so far, of course |
| adversative (opposite) | on the other hand, for, against, however, yes, nevertheless, meanwhile / in the meantime, however, only, rather, opposite, instead, but (not eligible for advance), on the one hand - on the other (two-part) |
Remarks
- ↑ This less ambiguous term has recently been used in: Duden. The grammar. 9th edition. Dudenverlag, Mannheim 2016
literature
- Duden. The grammar. 7th edition. Dudenverlag, Mannheim / Leipzig / Vienna / Zurich 2005, ISBN 3-411-04047-5 , pp. 590f.
