Military service opponent
The term conscientious objector is synonymous with anti-militarist , pacifist and conscientious objector . It can refer to the Federation of Military Service Opponents and its successor organization Internationale der Military Service Opponents.
War opponents can use English and a. to be translated as war resister ; Example: War Resisters' International . Historically, the term anti-war goes back to the conscientious objection movement in the Netherlands. A manifesto was formulated here in 1915, which was modified in 1924. It says u. a .: "We declare that if we should be forced into direct or indirect military work, we are determined to refuse such 'service', not only in barracks, trenches, on ships, in airplanes, but also in the Production of ammunition, in factories, in transport - in short: not doing any work related to war and war preparation. "
In War Resister 'International (WRI), the term refuse military service is used extensively with "resistance to war". The WRI is often translated into the German language as Internationale der Kriegsdienst opponents. The gender form can be found as war service opponents or war service opponents or war service opponents.
Helmut Michael Vogel (1922–1979) chairman of the IDK and later of the DFG-VK derives the term refuse military service from the concept of non-violence, namely the refusal of military and military service.
In the IDK, the International of Military Service Opponents, the term military service opponents has been comprehensively described since 1947, when this peace organization was founded: “Refusing military service means refusing to serve in war. Any activity that is capable of making a war possible, promoting and ultimately also waging it is military service. Military service is just a manifestation. Military service can be done in the barracks and during war missions as well as in the laboratory, on the computer and in the armaments factory. Military service can just as well be carried out in a ministry, a newspaper office, at school, on the street, and wherever people are made psychologically ripe for warfare, without which no war would be possible. Military service does not mean service in war, but service in war, and this war does not begin with war missions ... but with the psychological, political and economic preparation for war. ... Refusing military service is a personal act and a social task "...
With regard to the comprehensive definition, however, Article 4 of the Basic Law applies to the Federal Republic of Germany the right to refuse only “military service with a weapon”. For the other "war services" mentioned above, there is no legal basis for refusal.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gernot Jochheim : Antimilitarist theory of action, social revolution and social defense - for the development of the nonviolence theory in d. europ. antimilitarist. and socialist. Movement 1890-1940, under particular consideration. d. Netherlands. Frankfurt / Main 1977, p. 244
- ↑ Wolfram Beyer (ed.): Contributions to the history of the WRI, Kassel 1989
- ↑ Helmut Michael Vogel: Strategies of Pacifism . Cologne 1985, p. 12ff The War Resisters' International concept of violence
- ↑ Wolfram Beyer (ed.): The International of War Service Enemies, IDK. 1947-2017 contributions to history, Verlag Edition AV 2017
