Weft knitting machine
The weft knitting machine is used to produce single-thread knitted fabrics. A distinction is made between flat knitting machines and circular knitting machines. The circular knitting machines are no longer important today. The flat knitting machine is based on an invention of the hand knitting machine by William Lee in 1589. William Cotton changed the flat knitting machine, which developed over centuries, in such a way that industrial use became possible in the early 1860s. These designs are therefore known as cotton machines .
production method
The machine is equipped with point needles . Attached to a straight needle bar, the needles can only move together. A thread stretched over the needles is first shaped with the help of sinkers , that is, preformed into loops (drawing on the left). In the next step, needles and sinkers form a row of stitches in a coordinated movement .
Machine design and use
The machines are built with 2 to 16 heads (fountains) , with a fineness of 2 to 9 needles per centimeter and a working speed of up to 100 courses per minute.
Facilities often include devices for screening of Petinet (openings in the fabric appearance), Intarsia (colored sample surfaces), catch bonds and all variations of the right-left plain weave .
Until about the middle of the 20th century, most women's stockings were made on cotton machines. Then a different process was invented for these goods, and today it is mainly used to produce outerwear, namely as fully fashion goods (finished shape and size of individual goods, making it unnecessary to cut to size ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Fabia Denninger, Elke Giese: Textile and Model Lexicon . Volume 2: L-Z. 8th, completely revised and expanded edition. Deutscher Fachverlag, Frankfurt am Main 2006, ISBN 3-87150-848-9 , p. 394.
- ↑ Marcus Oliver Weber, Klaus-Peter Weber: Knitting and knitting - technologies - bindings - production examples. 6th, completely revised and updated edition. Deutscher Fachverlag, Frankfurt am Main 2014, ISBN 978-3-86641-299-6 , p. 141.
- ^ Paul-August Koch, Günther Satlow: Large Textile Lexicon: Specialized lexicon for the entire textile industry. Band: LZ. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart 1965, p. 12.
- ^ Paul-August Koch, Günther Satlow: Large Textile Lexicon: Specialized lexicon for the entire textile industry. Volume: A – K. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart 1965, p. 249.