Kharkiv Art Museum

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Museum entrance

The Kharkiv Art Museum ( Ukrainian Харківський художній музей ) is an art museum in the Ukrainian city ​​of Kharkiv .

history

The museum was founded in 1905 when the Imperial University of Kharkiv was founded at the suggestion of the natural scientist, publicist and educational politician Vasyl Karasin . At that time, Tsar's confidante Alexander I arranged for a collection of large-format state portraits and reproduction engravings as teaching aids for the Faculty of History and Languages.

Ivan E. Betski - probably from the noble family of the Minister for Education and Welfare who worked under Catherine II - donated 545 masterpieces by Italian painters around the middle of the century. It was not until 1861 that the Museum of Fine Arts and Antiques became open to the public. In 1875 the architect, landowner and art collector Arkadij Nikolaevič Alferov left 50 paintings, 420 drawings and watercolors that he had acquired during his travels in Turkey , Greece and Italy . In 1894, the art historian Egor Kuz'mič Redin set up a department for theory and history of the arts, which also cultivated Byzantine studies . In 1896 the city council of Kharkov decided to have the professor of geography Andrei Nikolajewitsch Krasnow create an ethnographic department with works of art from Japan, India, China and Central Asia.

At the beginning of the 1920s, research and scholarly works by the Kharkov art historians were sharply criticized. The house was reorganized with the aim of destroying the "centers of counter-revolution".

The Ukrainian State Picture Gallery opened in 1935. In 1937, the exhibits "harmful" to socialist ideology were removed. On the eve of the Second World War , the collection, with around 75,000 exhibits, was one of the best in the Soviet Union. Only 1/15 of the total stock could be brought to safety in Siberia before the occupation by the German Wehrmacht. 4711 exhibits finally found a place in the Novosibirsk Opera Theater next to the holdings of the State Tretyakov Gallery .

On December 11, 1943, the "Special Staff Charkow" reported to the staff leadership of the Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg in Berlin-Charlottenburg that in addition to 96 Ukrainian "185 pieces of Western European paintings" had been sent to the "Reich Commissioner" in Rovno .

Works of art that remained in Kharkiv were looted and the remains were pillaged by German troops. The few surviving objects returned from the evacuation after the end of the war. Much could be saved from the rubble. A post-war museum emerged from the ruins in 1944, the name of which changed from the “Kharkov State Museum of Ukrainian Art” to “Kharkov State Museum of Fine Arts” and in 1965 to “Kharkov Art Museum”.

Images of some paintings

Web links

Commons : Kharkiv Art Museum  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ List of works, kept in the Museum of Fine Arts of the Imperial University of Charkow, 3: Engravings, etchings ... Dept. 1: The Friedrich Adelung Collection. Kharkov 1883
  2. ↑ Valentyna V. Myzhina: Muzejní skarby Charkova. / 1, Mystectvo zachidnoï Jevropy ta Schodu XV - XX st. : iz zibrannja Charkivs ʹ koho Chudožn ʹ oho Muzeju . Charkiv 2009, p. 182 .
  3. ↑ 474 Cultural Policies and Plunder of the Third Reich in Occupied Europe: Files of the Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg in Kiev, Fond 3676, opisi 1, 2, 4, 5 (Eastern Territories) Central State Archives of the Supreme Authorities and Government of Ukraine (Kiev)

Coordinates: 50 ° 0 ′ 23 ″  N , 36 ° 14 ′ 59 ″  E