Body duty
The Leibzoll (also body toll or Jewish escort ) was an escort tax levied in the old German Reich , which traveling Jews had to pay when crossing a territorial customs border for their personal protection and thus for their physical integrity. The tax, which was also used conceptually for the duty of livestock and which was accordingly often perceived as unworthy, was levied until 1806/23. Formally, the Leibzoll was also the result of the right of escort, which had passed to the sovereigns as a shelf ( Jewish shelf ). The Leibzoll thus drew something in return, namely the protection of Jews who were traveling or who were not resident. In this form it is to be distinguished from the Jewish protection money that had to be paid by local Jews.
Abolition of the body duty
Wolf Breidenbach was a German banker and court factor and is considered the author of the replacement of the Leibzolles.
literature
- Silberstein, Michael: Wolf Breidenbach and the abolition of the Leibzoll in Germany , in: Journal for the history of the Jews in Germany, vol. 5 (1892) No. 2, pp. 126-145
- Silberstein, Michael: On the abolition of the Leibzoll in Nassau: a supplement to the journal for the history of the Jews in Germany (1887), no. 3, pp. 335–347
- S. Silberstein: Mecklenburg advance in the abolition of the Jewish body duty . - In: In the German Reich, Vol. 24 (1918) No. 10, pp. 392–396.
See also
Web links
- Karl Heinz Burmeister: Tax on Jews. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- (English) Article in the Jewish Encyclopedia
Individual evidence
- ^ German legal dictionary Lit. Leibzoll Retrieved on August 6, 2016
- ^ Richard Gottheil, Gotthard Deutsch, Herman Rosenthal: LEIBZOLL or JUDENGELEIT in the Jewish Encyclopedia. Retrieved December 7, 2017.