List candidate
A list candidate is elected from an electoral list drawn up by a party or an electoral association . Depending on the voting system , the voter has more or less influence on the people who are elected by his vote:
In the federal election in Germany , only party lists are elected with the second vote, the ranking of the candidates is fixed. It is carried out by the respective party before the election, whereby this must be done in a democratic way according to the party law . ( see: Bundestag election law )
In the state election in Bavaria , for example , the voter can tick an applicant on one of the lists with the second vote. The strength of the parties in the state parliament is determined by the ratio of the total number of votes. For the individual parties, the candidates who have received the most votes (sum of first and second votes) within their lists come into play. The voter thus has a limited influence on the ranking of the candidates.
In local elections according to the southern German system, the voter has several votes, usually as many as there are mandates to be awarded. By accumulating and spreading , he can compose his own list from the offers of the various parties.
The same principle is also used in almost all parliamentary elections in Switzerland. In most cantons, however, the Council of States is elected by majority vote, as is almost all executive bodies.