Macro orchid
The macroorchidy , from ancient Greek μακρος macros , German 'big, wide' and old Gr . ὄρχις orchis , German for testicle , denotes an enlargement of both testicles that deviates from the norm .
The testicular volume is increased to at least twice the age-related norm.
Synonyms are: macroorchism; Macro orchidism
causes
Hereditary diseases , especially Fragile X syndrome, are the main causes .
Other syndromes with macroorchidia include:
- Deficiency of aromatase
- Aspartyl glucosaminuria
- Atkin-Flaitz Syndrome
- Carney complex type 1 with increased incidence of testicular tumors
- Clark-Baraitser Syndrome
- IGSF1 deficiency syndrome , synonym: X-linked congenital central hypothyroidism with late onset macroorchidia
- Johnson Syndrome
- Lindsay Burn Syndrome
- Mental retardation, X-linked 14
In addition, testicular enlargement can also occur in acquired diseases such as long-standing primary hypothyroidism , congenital adrenal hyperplasia , follicle-stimulating hormone- producing pituitary adenoma .
literature
- M. Alvarez-Acevedo García, MA Molina Rodríguez, I. González Casado, M. Nistal Martín de Serrano, R. Gracia Bouthelier: Macroorquidismo: a propósito de un caso. In: Anales de pediatria. Vol. 64, No. 1, January 2006, pp. 89-92, PMID 16539923 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Biology Lexicon
- ^ V. De Sanctis, M. Marsella, A. Soliman, M. Yassin: Macroorchidism in childhood and adolescence: an update. In: Pediatric endocrinology reviews: PER. Volume 11 Suppl 2, February 2014, pp. 263-273, PMID 24683950 (review).
- ↑ Aromatase Deficiency. In: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man . (English)
- ↑ Atkin-Flaitz syndrome. In: Orphanet (Rare Disease Database).
- ↑ CLARK-BARAITSER SYNDROME. In: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man . (English)
- ↑ X-linked congenital central hypothyroidism with late-onset testicular enlargement. In: Orphanet (Rare Disease Database).
- ^ Mental retardation, X-linked 14. In: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man . (English)
- ↑ X-linked intellectual disability with a marfanoid habitus. In: Orphanet (Rare Disease Database).