Mantle cavity

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Open shell with clearly recognizable mantle cavity

The mantle cavity , also known as the pallial space, is an extension of the mantle ( pallium ) in molluscs (mollusca) in the form of a cavity or skin fold. Inside the mantle cavity are the ducts of the intestine , kidneys and gonads (gonads) as well as the respiratory organs . As a result, the mantle cavity functions as a breathing cavity, in which breathing via gills in aquatic molluscs or a lung field in the form of elevations in the mantle cavity wall ("lung cavity") in air breathers, e.g. B. in pulmonary snails the lungs.

Mantle cavity as a feature

The mantle cavity, together with the division of the body into a stomach-side foot and a viscera, is one of the characteristic features of molluscs. The formation of the mantle and the mantle cavity is also an important feature in the taxonomic division of molluscs, for example when classifying them into mussels , snails and cephalopods .

Structure of a pulmonary snail (labeling in English), the mantle cavity is located in the area of ​​the lungs

In the mollusc's blueprint, the shell space probably contains a pair of double-combed gills ( ctenidia ), shell glands and a pair of sensory organs ( osphradia ). In the case of derived forms, the number of gills is increased and their structure is often changed. The Einschaler (Monoplacophora) have five or six Ctinidienpaare that Chitons (Polyplacophora) even six to 88 Ctinidienpaare and have thus forming a "Polybranchie" while this information with Kahnfüßern completely absent (Scaphopoda). In the mussels (bivalvia) the mantle cavity is completely rebuilt and in some groups contains the greatly enlarged gills that have been redesigned for feeding, whereby the mantle fold is often converted into one or two siphons with a wide mantle bay. In the screw (Gastropoda) and cephalopods (Cephalopoda) the mantle cavity to the original shape with the original number of Ctinidien and osphradia is present, but may strongly differ again from this basic type within the sub-groups, in particular the opisthobranch (Opisthobranchia) and air-breathing lung snails (pulmonata).

supporting documents

  1. ↑ Mantle cavity. In: Herder-Lexikon der Biologie. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2003, ISBN 3-8274-0354-5 .
  2. ^ Willi Hennig : Invertebrates I. 6th edition. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1831-7 , p. 158.
  3. ^ Willi Hennig: Invertebrates I. 6th edition. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1831-7 , p. 160.
  4. ^ A b Willi Hennig: Invertebrates I. 6th edition. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1831-7 , p. 170.
  5. ^ Willi Hennig: Invertebrates I. 6th edition. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1831-7 , p. 166.
  6. ^ Willi Hennig: Invertebrates I. 6th edition. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1831-7 , p. 173 ff.
  7. ^ A b Willi Hennig: Invertebrates I. 6th edition. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1831-7 , p. 179 ff.
  8. ^ Willi Hennig: Invertebrates I. 6th edition. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1831-7 , p. 197 ff.