Sipho (organ)

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Sand gape shell with everted siphon

As Sipho (plural: siphons), Siphe (gr. Siphon "tube", "splash", "siphon") or siphon is a tubular organ in different groups of shell molluscs (Conchifera). It fulfills various functions, mostly in connection with the supply of oxygen-rich fresh water into and / or the removal of excrement- laden old water from the shell.

  • In cephalopods (cephalopods) it is a strand of tissue permeated by blood vessels, which is surrounded by a porous, partly chalky , partly chitinous envelope (siphon envelope). Starting from the viscera in the living chamber , it stretches backwards through all the housing chambers - referred to in their entirety as the phragmocone - up to the initial chamber . An aqueous liquid can be osmotically released into the youngest chamber (s) via the Sipho or absorbed from there and, in return, an air-like gas mixture can be absorbed or released through passive diffusion . This is used to regulate the buoyancy of the housing. Sipho and Phragmocon thus together form a hydrostatic apparatus.
  • In some snails (Gastropoda) living in water, the siphon is an extension of the mantle rim for the introduction of respiratory water into the gill space of the housing.
  • In the mussels (bivalvia) there are two openings (breathing and aftersipho) on the rear edge of the mantle, which grow together and are extended to form a tube.

In insects, a siphon is a breathing tube that is used as a snorkel underwater .

  • Anatomy of cephalopods the example of Perlboots Nautilus

  • Sipho of the roller snail Cymbiola magnifica

  • Clams (Veneridae) with separate siphons

See also

swell

  • Erwin J. Hentschel, Günther H. Wagner: Zoological dictionary. 6th edition. Gustav Fischer Verlag . Jena 1996, p. 547.
  • Sipho. Spectrum online lexicon of biology

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Simone Rothgangel: Short textbook medical psychology and sociology. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2010, ISBN 978-3-131-36422-7 , p. 67 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  2. ↑ Lewis Greenwald, Peter D. Ward: Buoyancy in Nautilus. Pp. 547-560 in: W. Bruce Saunders, Neil H. Landman (Eds.): Nautilus - The Biology and Paleobiology of a Living Fossil. Reprint with additions. Springer, 2009, ISBN 978-90-481-3298-0
  3. ↑ Christopher D. Moyes: Animal Physiology. Pearson Deutschland GmbH, 2008, ISBN 978-3-827-37270-3 , p. 457 ( limited preview in Google book search)