MinLag
MinLag , established in 1948, was a special camp of the MWD for political prisoners . These special camps with a stricter regime were special facilities in the general Gulag system in the Soviet Union created by the MWD (formerly NKVD) in the post-war period from 1948 .
designation
MinLag, Russian Минлаг , which belonged to the large complex of Gulag camps, was established by the MWD . Originally it was called Ossoblag No. 1 , i. H. Special camp No. 1 (from ossoby camp 1 / особый лагерь № 1, особлаг № 1 ). The name MinLag, evidently derived from the assigned telegraph code "Mineral", was only assigned later (assigned on May 10, 1948). MinLag comes from Mineralny lager / Минеральный ла́герь , d. H. Mineral bearings ; these designations for the originally numbered special bearings were mostly assigned randomly, as a kind of code, mostly without any reference to reality. After 1954 the name was Mineralny ITL / Минеральный ИТЛ for Mineralny isprawitelno-trudowoi lager / Минеральный исправительно-трудовой лагерь - mineral reform and labor camp.
History, activity
The MinLag special camp was established on February 28, 1948 on the basis of Decree No. 00219 of the MWD Ministry of the Interior of February 21, 1948 on the site of the IntaLag corrective and labor camp (also called IntLag), from which it gradually took over the entire facility. IntaLag was then dissolved on October 30, 1948. In 1954, after Stalin's death, MinLag lost its special camp status and was reorganized into one of the many corrective labor camps (ITL) . MinLag was closed on March 6, 1957.
The camp was located in the neighborhood of the Inta municipality in the autonomous republic of Komi in northwestern Russia. The inmates were used to work in coal and ore mining, housing and road construction, and wood mining.
Occupant Numbers
After the camp was established, 9,332 prisoners were counted in September 1948, 24,112 prisoners in January 1949 and 34,448 prisoners in January 1952. In the next few years the number stagnated at less than 30,000 prisoners and fell further in January 1955 to 15,259, in January 1956 to 10,327 and in March 1957 (shortly before the camp was closed) to 6,819 prisoners.
Foreign inmates were also interned in MinLag: according to official information there were 1,000 foreigners in 1952, but according to other sources there were over 7,000 foreigners in the two special camps in the Komi ASSR, i.e. MinLag and Retschlag , between 1950 and 1953 Detainees, including US soldiers captured after the Korean War (until 1953).
Known inmates
Among the prisoners were - besides other well-known names - also some Germans:
- Alla Evgenjewna Tumanowa (Alla Reif)
- Bodo Platt
- Eduard Lindhammer
- Ernst Friedrich Wirth
- Hans Jürgen Jennerjahn
- Helmut table
- Yevgenia Dmitrievna Vrublevskaya
- Susanna Solomonovna Pechuro
- Vasily Alexejewitsch Grezki
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Vladimír Bystrov: Únosy československých občanů do Sovětského Svazu v letech 1945–1955 . Edition Svědectví , ed. from Úřad dokumentace a vyšetřování zločinů komunismu ÚDV, an institution of the Ministry of Interior of the Czech Republic, Prague 2003, 343 pages, ISBN 80-7312-027-5 , online at: szcpv.org / ... , section Minlag, p. 262.
- ↑ a b c МИНЕРАЛЬНЫЙ ЛАГЕРЬ . In: MB Smirnow (ed.): Система исправительно-трудовых лагерей в СССР (The system of corrective labor camps in the USSR 1923–1960). Zwenja, 1998. Online on the Мемориал portal (Memorial.ru) memo.ru / ...
- ↑ Приказ МВД СССР № 00219 “Об организации особых лагерей МВД” (Ordinance No. 00219 on the organization of special storage facilities of the MWD). Online at: alexanderyakovlev.org / ...
- ↑ a b Dmitri Shkapov : MINERAL STORAGE . Portal MEMORIAL Germany e. V. (Memorial.de), online at: gulag.memorial.de / ...
Web links
- Overview map of the camps in the RSFSR - Northern European part. In: Portal from Memorial / Germany. Retrieved July 25, 2016 (the main administration of MinLag / Minerallager is shown on the map near the town of Inta).