Multi-perspective general education
Multi-perspective (general) education with anti-racist upbringing and intercultural competence form the three focal points. a. Georg Auernheimer puts in intercultural education. See intercultural learning or global learning - two further concepts of intercultural education, an education that is gaining in importance in today's world, when thinking far beyond the city and national borders, namely globally. This is about a good coexistence in "one" world. It serves to prevent misunderstandings between people of different origins and to pave the way for mutual acceptance and understanding.
history
The term "multi-perspective education" was used for the first time in 1985 by Göpfert and required as a theoretical approach for history lessons in schools. It served to convey the collective experiences and cultural achievements of other peoples. After a further development of this approach through the inclusion in concepts of interreligious instruction, intercultural art and music lessons, as well as in the program "Encounter with Languages", the goal of multi-perspective education is to decenter our worldview. In doing so, it is exemplified how projective our images of "the others", e.g. B. from "the Orientals". It is important to take the perspective of "others" in order to perceive the enrichment of these in our culture. People should be made vigilant for the performance of others, for their own limited perception and for the contradictions in their own culture.
School practice
History lessons in particular offer the opportunity to reflect on your "own" history and the associated perception of others. For example, the crusades offer a good introduction to how one-sided encounters with Islamic culture are stored in our collective memory. In this way a certain Eurocentrism (a centering on Europe) can be overcome. In general, where there is only one perspective, one point of view on one thing, several are offered and thus people can reflect on their own point of view. This is possible in almost all subjects at school.
Practicing medium
Auernheimer describes literature as the ultimate medium for multi-perspective education. Here there is travel literature, migrant literature, literature by non-European writers, where the reader encounters foreign cultures in an individualized manner. The multiculturalism of our world becomes visible and at the same time the all too human, which is the same everywhere, can appear familiar.
aims
The achievements of "the others" should be recognized and at the same time help to look at the European or Western expansion and our civilizing mission with a different perspective (to perceive the victims of the others) and to reflect on them from a critical distance. "Multiperspectivity" means "the insight into the diversity of human creation and the knowledge of one's own questionable developments in our society, possibly combined with the discovery of opportunities to learn from other cultures." (Georg Auernheimer, 2004)
For school:
- from incomprehension to tolerance
- from tolerance in the sense of toleration to recognition of achievement
- from recognition to reflection on one's own point of view
- from reflection to a good togetherness in school and on the street