Myelitis

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As myelitis (from the Greek. Myelos Mark) is an inflammation of the spinal cord or bone marrow (see osteomyelitis ), respectively.

The spinal cord can do this

  • diffuse over the entire cross-section of the spinal cord (transverse myelitis) or
  • be affected in foci (disseminated myelitis).

Depending on the extent, both cases can lead to sensory or motor paraplegia .

to form

Parainfectious myelitis

A para-infectious myelitis, after infectious diseases such as measles , rubella , typhoid or malaria occur such. B. by an immune system reaction.

Metastatic myelitis

This is a myelitis in which the relevant pathogens pass through the bloodstream, e.g. B. in the context of sepsis or endocarditis , be washed in.

Meningomyelitis

Meningomyelitis is caused by inflammation of the membranes of the spinal cord that spreads directly to the spinal cord.

poliomyelitis

The poliomyelitis ( Ancient Greek πολιομυελίτις , new πολιομυελίτιδα "inflammation of the gray cord" of πολιός "The Gray" and μυελός "the mark"), short polio , German poliomyelitis or Heine-Medin disease , is one of poliovirus caused infectious disease that affect the muscle-controlling nerve cells of the spinal cord and can lead to permanent symptoms of paralysis and even death.

Many countries are currently considered infection-free thanks to the WHO's intensive vaccination programs with the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI). Wild strains of the poliovirus currently only circulate in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Nigeria. The vaccination rate south of the Sahara is only 85%. Mutated vaccine viruses (cVDPV "circulating Vaccine Derived Polio Virus") are still the source of polio outbreaks. That is why there is a risk of polio outbreaks in countries that still traditionally vaccinate with live oral vaccines (OPV).

Web links

Wiktionary: Myelitis  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ named after the two physicians Jakob Heine and Karl Oskar Medin
  2. ↑ Rothe C. er al .: Travel vaccinations - information and recommendations . In: Flugmedizin Tropenmedizin Reisemedizin (Ed.): Flug u Reisemed . No. 26 . Thieme, Stuttgart 2019, p. 70-71 .