Nanosilicates
Under Nanosilicaten is meant particles of silicate , the magnitude of which in the nanometer range is ( nanoparticles ). Chemically, they are layered silicates or silicate clusters (for example magnesium silicates ), which in English are also called nanoclays because of the clay minerals . Depending on the chemical composition and morphology of the nanoparticles, they are divided into several classes, which are derived from the associated minerals such as montmorillonite , bentonite , kaolinite , hectorite , halloysite . In the upper atmosphere of the earth they are created by the entry of silicon from rock meteorites . They can be obtained artificially from the minerals, since their layered structure, which is only held together by weak van der Waals forces , can be separated by physical or chemical methods.
Properties and use
With polymer-based nanocomposites, nanosilicates result in improvements in gas density and stability for fire protection as well as for the applicability of potting and impregnation resins in automotive electronics. Because of their large surface area and adsorption capacity, nanosilicates are suitable as carriers for catalyst materials or medicinal agents. In the packaging industry, they serve to improve the scratch resistance of surfaces. For some polymers, such as nitrile rubber , the use of nanosilicates increases the strength. They are used as part of coatings for textiles.
In Russia, a technology has been developed in which the silicates, which originally occur naturally as rock, can be used in mechanical engineering as a coating for metallic surfaces (such as pipes and cables). These nano - coatings improve the tribological properties of metallic friction partners . The coatings are so thin that the component geometry does not change when the coating is applied.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hessian Ministry of Economics, Transport and Regional Development: Nanotechnology in Plastic , Volume 15 of the series of publications of the Hessen-Nanotech Action Line of the Hessian Ministry of Economics, Transport and Regional Development, September 2009, accessed on September 5, 2016
- ↑ a b Stefan T. Bromley, Martijn A. Zwijnenburg: Computational Modeling of Inorganic Nanomaterials . CRC Press, 2016, ISBN 978-1-4665-7644-5 , pp. 369 ff . ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ Sigma-Aldrich: Nano Minerals: Nanoclays , accessed on September 7, 2016
- ^ Vinny R. Sastri: Plastics in Medical Devices Properties, Requirements, and Applications . William Andrew, 2013, ISBN 978-0-323-26563-8 , pp. 66 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ^ Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health: K. Rödelsperger, B. Brückel, S. Podhorsky, J. Schneider: Characterization of ultrafine particles for occupational safety - Part 2 , 2009, ISBN 978-3-88261-104-5
- ↑ alles-zur-allergologie.de: Allergen Silicates Allergie Allergologie , accessed on September 5, 2016
- ↑ Hans R. Kricheldorf: People and their materials from the Stone Age to today . John Wiley & Sons, 2013, ISBN 978-3-527-67002-4 , pp. 68 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ Dr. Johannes Bergmair, Dr. Michael Washüttl, Dr. Beatrix Wepner: Testing practice for plastic packaging for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic packaging . Behr's Verlag DE, 2012, ISBN 3-89947-941-6 , p. 70 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ Wei-Gwo Hwang, Kung-Hwa Wei, Chang-Mou Wu: Preparation and mechanical properties of nitrile butadiene rubber / silicate nanocomposites. In: polymer. 45, 2004, p. 5729, doi: 10.1016 / j.polymer.2004.05.040 .
- ↑ Punyavee Kerativitayanan, Akhilesh K. Gaharwar: Elastomeric and mechanically stiff nanocomposites from poly (glycerol sebacate) and bioactive nanosilicates. In: Acta Biomaterialia. 26, 2015, p. 34, doi: 10.1016 / j.actbio.2015.08.025 .
- ↑ lib.vt.edu: The Manufacture and Mechanical Properties of Poly (ethylene terephthalate) Fibers Filled with Organically-Modified Montmorillonite , accessed September 7, 2016
- ↑ dtnw.de: German Textile Research Center North-West - Nanoclays - Sheet silicates as fillers for polymer coatings , accessed on September 7, 2016
- ↑ metaclay.com: Pipe Insulation ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed September 5, 2016
- ↑ rusnano.com: RUSNANO Project Company METACLAY Begins Manufacturing Nanomaterials - Press center - RUSNANO , accessed on September 7, 2016