Nominal form
In linguistics, nominal form (also: basic form , citation form ) is the form of an inflected word that is used to name a word or to look it up in the dictionary . This form shows the lemma in a lexicographical sense . Different word forms can serve as nominal forms in different languages . For the German verb, the infinitive is used as the nominal form, but the terms infinitive and nominal form do not mean the same thing.
Nominal forms in German
- Noun : the nominal form of the noun is the endingless form of the nominative singular in German , e.g. B. "House".
- Adjective : the adjective is mentioned in the endless form; it is the form the word takes when used as an adverbial term or predicate noun , e.g. B. "short" in "He only runs for a short time" (adverbial definition) or in "Time is too short" (predicate noun).
- Nominal groups : if a noun and an adjective attribute are combined, the non-article indefinite form is chosen in German, e.g. B. "Big Dipper".
- Verb : the nominal form of the verbs is the infinitive in German , e.g. B. "love".
For comparison: nominal forms in Latin
- Noun: the nominal form of the noun in Latin is the nominative singular, which, unlike in German, has an inflectional ending: z. B. domus (the house). "-Us" is the ending.
- Adjective: the nominal form of the adjective is the nominative singular masculine, which has an ending: brevis (short) with the ending "-is".
- Verb: the nominal form is the 1st person singular indicative present tense: z. B. amo (I love) with the ending "-o" to the verb amare (love). This does not apply to the German-language Wiktionary.
literature
- Hadumod Bußmann : Lexicon of Linguistics. 3rd, updated and expanded edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-520-45203-0 . Keyword: infinitive.
- Helmut Glück (Ed.): Metzler Lexicon Language. 4th edition. Verlag JB Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2010, ISBN 3-476-02335-4 . Keyword: basic form, citation form.
Web links
Wiktionary: Nominal form - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations
