Neo semantism
A neo-semantism (composition of ancient Greek νέος neos 'new' and σημαίνειν sēmaínein 'denote', 'belonging to the sign'; also new semantic , new meaning ) is assumed if an already existing mono- or polysemic lexical unit has a further semem, i.e. H. a new meaning or expansion of meaning, is added so that a lexical unit receives a completely new meaning or an existing meaning is specified and expanded by additional semes, with a separate, but above all modifying, meaning being established in the course of such a meaning expansion.
Demarcation
In contrast to neologism , a new word that comes into use as a new word creation, new word combination or adoption from another language, neosemantism is a known and used word to which a further and new meaning is added.
Examples
Examples with one or more neo-semantisms are listed below.
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Virus , "biologically infectious particle", see viruses
- Virus, new meaning for "malware for computers", see computer virus
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Mouse , originally "rodent" from the superfamily of the mice species , especially the house mouse from the genus of mice (Mus)
- Mouse, reinterpreted as "short form for Die Sendung mit der Maus ", an ARD children's program
- Mouse, new meaning for " input device for computer "
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cool , originally "adjective for a particularly dense and green patch of meadow", natural or after over-fertilization
- horny, new meaning for "being aroused, being sexually demanding"
- cool, new meaning in youth language for "excellent, super, good"
- geil, new meaning in the Austrian colloquial language for "lush, also exaggerated fat or sweet" for food
literature
- Erika Worbs (Ed.) New Times - New Words - New Dictionaries: Contributions to Neologism Lexicography and Lexicology , Peter Lang, Bern 2009 (Series: Publications from the Department of Applied Linguistics and Cultural Studies FASK at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz in Germersheim . Series A : Treatises and anthologies, 54)
- Andreas W. Meger: Macro and mediostructural aspects in neologism dictionaries. A contribution to the theory and practice of the neography of Polish, Russian, Czech and German (PDF; 8.3 MB), inaugural dissertation, linguistics and cultural studies at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mannheim 2010
- Klaus Heller, Dieter Herberg, Christina Lange, Rosemarie Schnerrer, Doris Steffens Theoretical and practical problems of neologism lexicography . Considerations and materials for a dictionary of the neologisms used in the general language of the GDR (Linguistic Studies, Series A, Arbeitsberichte 184), Central Institute for Linguistics of the Academy of Sciences of the GDR, 1988.