Nikolai Gavrilowitsch Slavyanov

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Nikolay Slavyanov ( Russian Николай Гаврилович Славянов * April 23 . Jul / May 5, 1854 greg. In Nikolskoye, Voronezh Governorate ; † October 5 jul. / October 17, 1897 greg. In Perm ) was a Russian engineer and is as an inventor of consumable electrode arc welding .

Nikolai Gavrilowitsch Slavyanov

Nikolai Gavrilowitsch Slavyanov was born in the village of Nikolskoye in the Voronezh governorate. After graduating from high school there, he studied at the Petersburg Mining Institute from 1872 to 1877 . In 1883 he moved to Perm, where he worked until the end of his life in the Perm Arms Factory , where he made most of his inventions.

The weapons factory was modern and there he developed a lighting system for the factory buildings with generators and arc lamps. This experience and two large generators for 300 and 1000 A formed the basis for the invention of devices for improving metal casting , the so-called "compression" of metal casting. This was understood to mean keeping the surface of the metal liquid during casting in order to be able to degas the casting better to avoid cavities . If you tried to delay the cooling of the casting surface by burning coals, which was unwieldy and expensive and led to carburization, Slavyanov used an electric arc for this purpose. In April 1895 he presented the process of "electrical compression of metal casting" during a lecture at the Technical Society in Petersburg. An automatic sequence that required mechanical control of the arc length was important for the process. His equipment made this possible.

Slavyanov used his new method for reworking casting defects, for repairing locomotive parts, steam engines, transmissions and artillery pieces. In 1891 he received a so-called privilege ( patent ) in Russia for his invention of the "method of electrical casting of metals" and for the corresponding apparatus . Corresponding patents were also granted in France, Germany, Great Britain, Austria-Hungary and Belgium, and in 1897 also in the USA. In 1892 his book "Elektrogießen von Metallen" was published, in which he summarized the results of his work.

Since Slawjanow used melting electrodes of the same type as the base material for his process, his process became groundbreaking for the development of electric welding.

Web links

Commons : Nikolay Slavyanov  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ A. Brauer: "The electrical compression of metal castings" , magazine for electrical engineering , Vienna XIII year (1895) booklet XXI
  2. ↑ ПРИВИЛЕГИЯ (№ 86): Способ электрического уплотнения металлических отливок in: Пермский политехнический институт: Н. Г. СЛАВЯНОВ , пермское книжное издательство, 1988
  3. ↑ ПРИВИЛЕГИЯ (№ 87): Способ и аппараты для электрической отливки металлов in: Пермский политехнический институт: Н. Г. СЛАВЯНОВ , пермское книжное издательство, 1988
  4. ↑ Korabel.ru: Славянов Николай Гаврилович
  5. ↑ Patent US577329 : Electrical casting of metals. Published February 16, 1897 , inventor: Nicholas Slawianoff. ‌
  6. ↑ Н. Г. Славя́нов: Электрическая отливка металлов - Руководство к установке и практическому ., 18 Сприменению
personal data
SURNAME Slavyanov, Nikolai Gavrilowitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Славя́нов, Никола́й Гаври́лович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian inventor
DATE OF BIRTH May 5, 1854
PLACE OF BIRTH Nikolskoye, Voronezh Governorate
DATE OF DEATH October 17, 1897
Place of death Perm