Nonprofit area

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The nonprofit sector , also known as the nonprofit sector , intermediate sector or third sector , includes clubs , associations , foundations , interest groups and other types of non-profit organizations (NPO), and can be described more generally as non-profit , provided that it is organized in an economically relevant manner become.

research

Research on the nonprofit sector examines processes in an area whose organizations cannot be assigned to either the state or the commercial sector. Their mode of control does not follow state hierarchy or market competition .

These can be described using five criteria:

  • They are formally and permanently organized
  • You are private, i.e. H. independent of government administration and government organizations
  • You decide independently of the state and are legally independent
  • Profits generated are not distributed to shareholders or members
  • People join together voluntarily and are involved in it voluntarily

The term can be seen dichotomically as an intermediate area ("intermediary") of an opposing axis of state (community) - market (individual interests) ( education and welfare state aspects , for example, fall under the definition of the term), as well as trichotomically as the opposite of both (what the expression "Sector" emphasized in terms of independence).

For the third sector with public funding, see also: Publicly funded employment sector # Third sector between market and state

literature

  • Hans-Jörg Schmidt-Trenz, Rolf Stober (Eds.): The Third Sector in the 21st Century - Discontinued or Future Model? In: Yearbook Law and Economics of the Third Sector 2005/2006 (RÖDS) - Nomos, Baden-Baden 2006, ISBN 978-3-8329-2180-4 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael Nollert (socialinfo.ch): Third Sector / Nonprofit Sector / Charitable , in: Dictionary of Social Policy (online) ( Memento of February 2, 2017 in the Internet Archive ); Web archive accessed May 4, 2019.
  2. ↑ Wirtschaftslexikon.gabler.de
  3. ^ Helmut Anheier, K. Salamon, Lester M .: Genesis and focus of international research on the nonprofit sector. In: Research Journal New Social Movements , Vol. 5, H. 4, 1992, pp. 40–48.