Emergency response

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In the field of nuclear power plant safety, emergency protection is understood to mean measures in the event of serious accidents, which aim either to mitigate a core melt that is already in progress by means of technical emergency measures within the power plant (block) concerned, or to protect the power plant external To ensure the population.

Internal emergency protection

The measures are in the engl. Technical terminology referred to as accident management and aim to end the ongoing core meltdown process as quickly as possible and to keep the release of radioactivity into the environment as low as possible. It is z. B. the improvised supply of water resources located outside the power plant with the help of mobile fire pumps or fire trucks (see, for example, under the Fukushima nuclear disaster ). But it also includes z. B. the preventively prepared use of recombiners , which can possibly prevent a hydrogen explosion. The emergency instructions for the staff in the area of ​​internal emergency protection are written down in the Severe Accident Management Guidances (SAMG).

External emergency protection

To a large extent, these are measures of general disaster control , supplemented by precautions specifically required for nuclear accidents. This includes evacuation of affected by the radioactive cloud populations (in Switzerland if necessary, shelter -Bezug), taking pills for so-called iodine prophylaxis , food consumption bans. Various technical aids are available to the authorities for the planning of these measures: In addition to sirens for alarming, probes of the ODL measuring network to measure the radioactivity released in the environment, IT aids for approximate assessment of the core state, numerical models for preventive assessment of the spread (e.g. B. Direction, magnitude) of the released radioactive cloud.

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See also