Operation Bertram

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Construction of a dummy tank in the Middle East School of Camouflage in Helwan near Cairo , 1942

Operation Bertram was a large-scale deception by the Allied forces in Egypt during World War II .

Operation Bertram was conducted in 1942 under the direction of Bernard Montgomery in the months leading up to the Second Battle of El Alamein . The operation was by Dudley Clarke designed to Erwin Rommel to deceive about the time and place of the Allied attack. It consisted of physical illusions with dummies and camouflage material, designed and manufactured by the British Middle East Command Camouflage Directorate under the direction of Geoffrey Barkas . The deception maneuvers were accompanied by electromagnetic deceptions under the code name "Operation Canwell" with false radio communications. The maneuver was planned to make the enemy believe that the attack would take place in the south, far from the coast and the roads and rails that run there, and about two days later than the real attack.

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  Crusader tanks disguised as trucks

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  Dummy tank over a jeep near Cairo, 1942

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  Operation Diamond water pipeline mock-up