Oppenheim sacred buildings
Existing and historical buildings such as churches, monasteries and hospitals in the city of Oppenheim are listed under the heading of Oppenheim sacred buildings .
Katharinenkirche
It is the main attraction of the city and, according to art historians, is the most important Gothic church on the Rhine between Cologne and Strasbourg. She brought Oppenheim the addition "City of Gothic ".
Bartholomäuskirche
The Bartholomäuskirche is today the church of the Catholic parish. It was built around the same time as the Katharinenkirche from around 1250, but as a church of the Franciscan monastery in the center of the city not far from the market square , one of the four oldest Franciscan monasteries in Germany. This purpose is the reason why the building, which is considerably large for a monastery church, is hidden in a modest way between the surrounding houses. Also, as is usual with monastery churches, there are no towers, but only two small roof turrets .
The Marienkapelle was completely painted in the Beuron art style by the Benedictine Notker Becker in the years 1939–1942 and is today one of the rare, completely preserved creations of this painting school.
Sebastian Church
The Sebastianskirche was the oldest church in Oppenheim and was the nucleus of the early medieval Franconian village at the confluence of Rathof- and Wormser Straße.
Your name is mentioned for the first time in connection with the rebuilding of the church by Abbot Thiodroch von Lorsch in 865. Archbishop Adalbert von Mainz also destroyed the church on Sebastianstag in 1118 when he attacked the market town of Oppenheim, but it was rebuilt soon afterwards. In 1258, a dividing line was drawn through Oppenheim, which had now grown into a town: the Neustadt with the Katharinenkirche and the Barefoot Monastery came to the diocese of Mainz, the diocese of Worms received the old lower town with the Sebastiankirche as its parish church.
After the Reformation and the Thirty Years' War , the St. Sebastian Church was made available to the Lutherans for worship in 1648. A fire in 1689 destroyed the church again; it was not restored until 1717.
On the basis of historical illustrations and excavation findings, the church building can be reconstructed in its last medieval state as a ribbed vaulted late Gothic stepped hall with a length of four bays, including an early Gothic transept with a crossing tower and a box choir from the middle of the 13th century. During the reconstruction after the destruction in 1689, the interior of the nave was simplified and provided with a flat ceiling.
When in 1822 the two denominations of the Reformed (Katharinenkirche) and the Lutherans united to form the so-called Union , the St. Sebastian Church , which was meanwhile in need of renovation, was abandoned and torn down in 1837. The inventory and more valuable building parts came into different hands through an auction; Some of them can still be seen today in different places in Oppenheim. For example, in the west choir of St. Catherine's Church , you can see a Gothic gate with two Romanesque inscriptions from the demolished church.
Mariacron Monastery
Former monastery and aristocratic women's monastery near the town of Oppenheim am Rhein between Worms and Mainz.
Individual evidence
- ^ Julian Hanschke: The former Sebastian Church in Oppenheim am Rhein. An attempt at reconstruction . In: Oppenheimer Hefte 24, 2002, pp. 2-74