Pēterburgas Avīzes

Pēterburgas avīzes (in the spelling at that time Peterburgas awises, Petersburger Nachrichten) was a Latvian magazine from 1862 to 1865, published in Saint Petersburg and organ of the Jungletten .

history

Literature in the Latvian language, especially periodicals, was initially only available from German authors and editors. In 1856, the first journal published by Latvian editors was the weekly Mahjas weesis ( Mājas viesis , Der Hausgast ). The Dorpater student group of Jungletten took advantage of this organ, but recognized that critical voices would be better published from the Russian capital St. Petersburg. Thanks to his good connections to Grand Duke Constantine, the brother of Tsar Alexander II, Krišjānis Valdemārs managed to obtain permission to found a Latvian magazine. The first edition of Peterburgas awises appeared on July 26, 1862 . The editors were Krišjānis Valdemārs and Juris Alunāns . Alunāns soon fell out due to illness and was represented by Krišjānis barons . Among the editors were Indriķis Alunāns, Krišjānis Barons, Jēkabs Zvaigznīte, Ernests Dinsbergs, Kaspars Biezbārdis and Bernhards Dīriķis. Krišjānis Valdemārs also acted as censor. This gave the magazine a certain independence from the Livonian and Courland authorities. From number 17, however, Wilhelm von Lieven from Riga was appointed censor. As a result, numbers 5 to 10 of the 1863 year were banned.

Augusts Daugulis' woodcut illustrations contributed to the magazine's popularity. The satirical supplement Dirkstele (sparks) was called Zobugals (mockers) from No. 11 . These satirical contributions in particular were the cause of censorship interventions.

From October 1863, Krišjānis Barons headed the editorial department up to the last issue in June 1865. During this time, the censors no longer tolerated the satirical supplement. The reasons for the end of the magazine are judged differently. Tobien doubts the influence of the censorship and gives financial reasons in connection with the failure of the colonization project of Krišjānis Valdemārs.

Peterburgas awises , second episode

Pēterburgas avīzes (Petersburg News) was a liberal-democratic Latvian magazine published in St. Petersburg. It was published from 1901 to 1906 as the successor to the first episode.

The editor was Oskars Rāviņš, the Council Secretary of the St. Petersburg Electrotechnical Institute . The editor was Vilis Olavs. Contributions were made by Rūdolfs Blaumanis , Andrievs Niedra and Jānis Ansbergs , among others . After being discontinued in the revolutionary year of 1905 , it was revived for a short time in 1906 with the addition of Purva mala (swamp edge); The editor-in-chief was the later diplomat Kārlis Ducmanis .

swell

Alexander von Tobien: The Livonian knighthood in their relationship to tsarism and Russian nationalism , Volume 2. Verlag Walter de Gruyter & Co, Berlin 1930.

Oskar Grosberg : The Latvian Press. With a historical review . Baltic Publishing House, Riga 1927.

Digitization of both episodes of Pēterburgas awises on the LNB's periodicals server

References and footnotes

↑ Pēterburgas avīzes 1862 No. 1 title page
↑ Latvijas mākslas vēsture : About the artist Augusts Daugulis (1830-1899)
↑ Alexander von Tobien writes: The end of the once influential paper was immediately forced by pecuniary circumstances, but the fact that its spiritus rector, Christian Waldemar, had lost his reputation with the Latvian rural people, especially the Courlands, played a decisive role in this . Following his eastern orientation, he sought closer ties to Russia and in the autumn of 1865 acquired a very large estate in addition to his previous property in the Novgorod governorate, where he established a Latvian colony. However, it was like Goethe's apprentice sorcerer: He could not get rid of the ghosts he called. The well-known fact that Waldemar enjoyed the justified protection of the head of the Russian naval power, Grand Duke Constantine, gave rise to the rumor that the state government supported the settlement in the Novgorod governorate. The result of this was that thousands of peasants in Courland, among whom there was both a wealthy class and, as always when an emigration fever broke out, the worst rabble, poured into the Waldemar estate. The impractical colonizer found himself in an extremely difficult position. The company collapsed suddenly, brought many Latvian farming families into misery and piled a burden of debt on Waldemar that he had to bear for decades. Far more sensitive than this, however, was that the utopian experiment deprived its creator of all credit from the Latvian peasantry, who publicly complained against him. This serious failure dealt the "Peterburgas Awises" a fatal blow. ( The Livonian knighthood in its relationship to tsarism and Russian nationalism , Volume 2. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1930, p. 152).
↑ Pēterburgas avīzes 1901 No. 1 title page
↑ Arvīds Grigulis, Rihards Treijs: Latviešu žurnālistikas vēsture. No pirmsākumien līdz pirmajam pasaules karam. Mācību līdzeklis žurnālistikas specialitātes studentiem . Zvaigzne, Riga 1992, ISBN 5-405-00400-6 , p. 137.

[1] Pēterburgas avīzes 1862 No. 1 title page

[2] Latvijas mākslas vēsture : About the artist Augusts Daugulis (1830-1899)

[3] Alexander von Tobien writes: The end of the once influential paper was immediately forced by pecuniary circumstances, but the fact that its spiritus rector, Christian Waldemar, had lost his reputation with the Latvian rural people, especially the Courlands, played a decisive role in this . Following his eastern orientation, he sought closer ties to Russia and in the autumn of 1865 acquired a very large estate in addition to his previous property in the Novgorod governorate, where he established a Latvian colony. However, it was like Goethe's apprentice sorcerer: He could not get rid of the ghosts he called. The well-known fact that Waldemar enjoyed the justified protection of the head of the Russian naval power, Grand Duke Constantine, gave rise to the rumor that the state government supported the settlement in the Novgorod governorate. The result of this was that thousands of peasants in Courland, among whom there was both a wealthy class and, as always when an emigration fever broke out, the worst rabble, poured into the Waldemar estate. The impractical colonizer found himself in an extremely difficult position. The company collapsed suddenly, brought many Latvian farming families into misery and piled a burden of debt on Waldemar that he had to bear for decades. Far more sensitive than this, however, was that the utopian experiment deprived its creator of all credit from the Latvian peasantry, who publicly complained against him. This serious failure dealt the "Peterburgas Awises" a fatal blow. ( The Livonian knighthood in its relationship to tsarism and Russian nationalism , Volume 2. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1930, p. 152).

[4] Pēterburgas avīzes 1901 No. 1 title page

[5] Arvīds Grigulis, Rihards Treijs: Latviešu žurnālistikas vēsture. No pirmsākumien līdz pirmajam pasaules karam. Mācību līdzeklis žurnālistikas specialitātes studentiem . Zvaigzne, Riga 1992, ISBN 5-405-00400-6 , p. 137.