Par in parem non habet imperium
Par in parem non habet imperium is a principle of law that states that like people have no power over like people. It is sometimes quoted as par in parem non habet iudicium (an equal has no jurisdiction over an equal) or par in parem non habet iurisdictionem (an equal has no jurisdiction over an equal).
This legal principle originally stems from Roman law and can already be found among the ancient jurists Ulpian (170-223) and Iulius Paulus (3rd century). It is then later included in the digests created under Justinian I (533). In the Middle Ages it is used by Bartolus in his work Tractatus Represaliarum (1354), there it is in the following expanded form: Non enim una civitas potest facere legem super alteram, quia par in parem non habet imperium . ( One state cannot legislate on another because equals have no power over equals. )
The legal principle is mainly used in international law , where it is particularly important for the sovereignty of states , because Art. 2 No. 1 of the UN Charter is based on the principle of the sovereign equality of states. In terms of international law, all states - regardless of their size and global political importance - are on the same level.
See also → main article State immunity .
literature
- Michael E. Kurth: Human rights versus state sovereignty (PDF; 190 kB), p. 3 ( par in parem non habet imperium -Maxime)
- Georg Dahm, Jost Delbrück, Rüdiger Wolfrum: International Law . Walter de Gruyter 1989, ISBN 9783110058093 , pp. 277–295 (§35–39), 452–456 (§71) ( excerpt in the Google book search)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Detlef Liebs, Hannes Lehmann: Latin legal rules and legal proverbs . CHBeck 2007, ISBN 3406562949 , p. 168 ( excerpt from Google book search)
- ↑ a b Georg Dahm, Jost Delbrück, Rüdiger Wolfrum: international law . Walter de Gruyter 1989, ISBN 9783110058093 , pp. 277–295 (§35–39), pp. 452–456 (§71) ( excerpt in the Google book search)
