Paraphrasing

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The paraphrasing or description referred to a cognitive process in the empirical social sciences such as the teaching .

purpose

With the paraphrasing in the context of the development of an instrument such as z. For example, a questionnaire can be used to find out during the pretest phase whether there are any difficulties in understanding the item for the subject. This is achieved by asking the test subject to reproduce the pretest question just asked in his or her own words. Other techniques for reviewing questionnaires are frame of reference probing (here the respondent is given the answer and asked to report how he got it), think aloud interviews (in this case, the test subjects should express their thoughts aloud while answering) and interaction coding (the interviews are recorded and later evaluated).

Examples

This technique for checking questions may be illustrated by the following example: Test item 1: "Do you believe that your personal health as it is now will be exactly as it is now in ten years?"

  • Recapitulated version of test person 1: "Do you think that you can maintain your current state of health up to a point in time ten years from today?"
  • Recap from Subject 2: "Do you find that people get sicker over time?"
  • Recapitulated version of test person 3: "Do you think that it is possible to stay healthy for decades or does one automatically get sicker and sicker?"

Apparently only subject 1 correctly answered the question. If you wanted to generalize about the 3 paraphrases as above, it may be advisable to reconsider this test item before the actual publication of the test instrument, so that a larger proportion of respondents can give their personal answer in line with the question.

literature

  • Häder, M., (2006): Empirical social research - an introduction, textbook . Wiesbaden: VS publishing house for social research.
  • Jacob, Rüdiger / Eirmbter, Willy H .: General population surveys (R. Oldenbourg Verlag Munich Vienna), 2000

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael Häder: Empirical Social Research: An Introduction . VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2006, ISBN 3-531-14010-8 , p. 394 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  2. ↑ https://campus.hsu-hh.de/qisserver/rds?state=medialoader&objectid=499&application=lsf  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / campus.hsu-hh.de  
  3. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento from January 21, 2016 in the Internet Archive )