Perturbation

Perturbation ( Latin perturbatio "confusion", "disturbance", "restlessness", "disorder", perturbare "confuse", "worry", "confuse") means disturbance . In concrete cases, a perturbation theory is consequently often applied in view of real conditions , e.g. B. the quantum mechanical perturbation theory , which was developed on the basis of "small system parameters", or the perturbation calculation for orbital disturbances in astronomy . However, disruptions not only have technical and functional effects:

In systems theory and constructivism , the term “disturbance” was introduced by the biologist Humberto Maturana as an independent technical term to indicate that disturbances can also have positive effects on systems.

literature

• Kato Tosio : Perturbation Theory for linear operators . Springer Science + Business, New York 1966, ISBN 978-3-662-12680-6 (standard work on perturbation calculation).
• Richard Bellman : Perturbation techniques in mathematics, physics and engineering . Holt, Rinehart & Winston, New York 1964.
• Humberto R. Maturana, Francisco J. Varela: The tree of knowledge. The biological roots of human knowledge. Goldmann Verlag December 1990. ISBN 978-3-442-11460-3 .

Web links

Wiktionary: Perturbation  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

• Entry in a dictionary on constructivist didactics
• Entry in a communications dictionary