Pleograph

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Frames from the film Rink in Saxon Garden , recorded on a pleograph in 1902

The pleograph ( Polish pleograph ) was a cinematographic camera that the Polish inventor Kazimierz Prószyński built in 1894.

Similar to the cinematograph by the Lumière brothers , which was built later, the Prószyński pleograph could also be used to record and project film material at the same time.

The inventor used the pleograph to make his first short films at the end of the 19th century, which document everyday life and show scenes from life in Warsaw (" Ślizgawka w Ogrodzie Saskim " (Ice Rink in the Saxon Garden) - 1902). The work on the development of the device led in 1898 to the construction of an improved projection device, the biopleograph.

Concept history

The name pleograph is a compound of the ancient Greek terms πλέον pléon "more" and γράφειν gráphein "to write" (see also -graphie ). In Polish the device was called "pleograph", in English and French "pleograph".

technical description

The apparatus used a celluloid rectangle with a frame size of 45 × 38 mm for recordings. In contrast to today's film, the perforation was made between the individual frames of the film.

film studio

In 1901, Prószyński founded the first Polish film studio in Warsaw , which was named Towarzystwo Udziałowe Pleograf after the Polish spelling of this camera .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Maciej Iłowiecki, "Dzieje nauki polskiej" Wydawnictwo Interpress, Warszawa 1981, ISBN 8322318766 , page 202 (Polish).