-graphy
The suffix -graphie or -grafie (from γραφή graphē or γραφία graphía ) comes from the Greek verb γράφειν gráphein “to write, draw”. Something is always written, described, recorded or recorded here. As a noun refers graphy or Grafie the case itself, and in this sense it is also found in compositions ( calligraphy : "Nice spelling" lithography "lithography"). In addition, it is generally called “description, representation” ( biography : “biography”). In the case of scientific subject areas, it refers to descriptive , i.e. descriptive branches of science - in general German is also found with the unspecific term -kunde ( geography : "geography").
Often a person who writes down or records something or his function is designated with the ending -graph or -graf , for example stenographer . But recording devices such as seismograph or tachograph also have this ending.
According to the new spelling, the word can either be spelled with f so that the writing corresponds to the German pronunciation, or with ph so that the Greek origin becomes clear. For Germanized words, f is more common, for specialist words, ph .
A.
- Agrafie (agraphy) = the inability to write
- Algrafie (Algraphie) = a flat printing process for book illustration
- Ampelography (ampelography) = grape variety (Greek ampelos = vine)
- Angiography (angiography) = representation of blood vessels with the help of X-rays
- Ankylography (ankylography) = an imaging process (Greek ankylos = curved)
- Arteriography (arteriography) = imaging procedure to show arterial blood vessels
- Arthrography (arthrography) = radiological examination method of joints
- Autobiography (autobiography) = own biography (Greek autos = self)
B.
- Bibliography (bibliography) = bibliography
- Biogeography (biogeography) = study of the distribution of plants and animals
- Biography (biography) = biography (ancient Greek bíos , life)
- Bronchography (bronchography) = radiological representation of the airways
C.
- Choreography (choreography) = description of the (movement) sequence (Greek choreía = dance)
- Chorography (chorography) = description of a place (outdated) (Greek chora = place)
- Chromatography (chromatography) = procedure for separating mixtures of substances (from Greek chroma "color", compare chromium , originally recognizing substances based on color marking)
D.
- Dacryocystography (dacryocystography) = visualization of the lacrimal duct
- Demography (demography) = population census (Greek demos = people)
- Dexiography (dexiography) = writing from left to right (Greek dexiós = right)
- Diavography (diavography) = printing technique
- Digrafie (Digraphie) = use of two writing systems for the same language
- Discography (discography) = record directory (sound carrier, Greek diskos disk, i.e. originally the record)
- Dittography (dittography) = double spelling of an element (linguistics) (Greek dittós = twice, doubled)
- Doxography (doxography) = reproduction of the opinion of others (Greek doxa = opinion)
- Driography (driography) = an offset printing process
E.
- Echoencephalography (echoencephalography) = med. Diagnostic procedures
- Echocardiography (echocardiography) = heart ultrasound
- Elastography (elastography) = med. Diagnostic method based on elastic properties of the tissue
- Electroencephalography (electroencephalography) (abbreviation: EEG)
- Electromyography (electromyography) = measurement of electrical muscle activity (abbreviation: EMG)
- Electrooculography (electrooculography) = diagnostic procedure in ophthalmology (abbreviation: EOG)
- Epistolography (epistolography) = collection of letters
- Erotography (erotography) = border area between erotic and pornography
- Ethnography (ethnography) = ethnology (Greek ethnos = people)
F.
- Filmography (filmography) = directory of films
- Phonography (phonography) = 1) phonography (linguistics) = the assignment of sounds to characters, the notation of the language ( phonos sound, tone, sound); 2) the sound recording
- Photography (photography) (Greek phos = light)
G
- Galactography (galactography) = imaging method to display the milk ducts (Greek gálaktos = milk)
- Geography (geography) = geography (Greek gea or gaia = the earth)
- Geomorphography = description of landforms ( morphé shape, form, geomorphé = shape of the earth)
H
- Hagiography (hagiography) = biography of saints ( hagios saint)
- Haplography (haplography) = omission of one of two identical consecutive elements (linguistics) (Greek haplous = simple)
- Heresiography (heresiography) = description of heresies
- Hectography (hectography) = a duplication process
- Heliography (heliography) = name for the first photographs by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce ( helios sun)
- Historiography (historiography) = historiography ie S. ( historia history)
- Holography (holography) = process that uses the wave character of light to create clear images (Greek holos = whole, complete)
- Homography = same spelling of words that have different meanings
- Hydrography = study of the location and course of water
- Hypergraphy (hypergraphy) = pathological writing compulsion (Greek hyper = a lot, about)
I.
- Ideography (ideography) = conceptual writing ( idéa idea, concept formation)
- Iconography (iconography) = image description i. original sense, then doctrine of the images ( icon image)
- Ion chromatography (ion chromatography) = analysis method for ionic species
- Isography (isography) = a printing process
K
- Calligraphy (calligraphy) = calligraphy (Greek kalos = good, beautiful)
- Cardiography (cardiography) = internal medicine imaging procedure for the heart ( cardiac heart, see also cardiology )
- Cartography (cartography) = the map system, mapping
- Cinematography (cinematography) = film (uspr. Recording the movement, Greek kinema movement)
- Klecksography (Klecksography) = folded images
- Kopigraphie (Kopigraphie) = an artistic graphic technique
- Cosmography (cosmography) = description of the world ( kósmos earth and universe)
- Crystallography (crystallography) = science of crystals
- Cryptography (cryptography) = encryption ( kryptós hidden)
- Abbreviated graphic = diminutive notation
L.
- Lexicography (Lexicography) = science of creating dictionaries
- Lithography (lithography) = stone printing process (Greek lithos = stone)
- Lithostratigraphy = layer science of geology
- Logography (logography) = a type of character system (Greek lógos = word; thus "writing from word signs")
- Lomography (Lomography) = snapshot photography
- Ludographie (Ludographie) = game directory of a game designer
- Luminography (luminography) = method of making copies
- Lymphography (lymphography) = imaging procedure for the representation of lymph vessels and lymph nodes
M.
- Magnetography (magnetography) = digital printing process
- Mammography (mammography) = internal medicine imaging procedure for the female breast ( mamma )
- Mechanography (mechanography) = diagnostic measurement method for movement performance
- Mediagrafie (Mediagraphie) = media directory or collection
- Megalography (megalography) = (larger) life-size images (Greek megalos = large)
- Metallography (metallography) = method for determining the structure of metals
- Micrography (micrography) = pathological reduction in writing (medicine)
- Monograph (monograph) = single font
- Motography (motography) = recording of motion sequences
- Myelography (myelography) = imaging procedure in which a contrast medium is injected into the spinal canal
- Mythography (mythography) = collection and interpretation of myths
N
- Neography (neography) = improved representation of neumes of Gregorian chant (Greek neos = new)
- Netnography (Netnography) = transferring ethnographic research methods to the Internet
O
- Optography (optography) = science of retinal images of the deceased
- Orography = height description (of the earth's surface)
- Orohydrography (orohydrography) = description of mountains and watercourses
- Orthography (orthography) = spelling (Greek orthos = right, correct)
- Orthopantomography (orthopantomography) = imaging process in dentistry, named by Siemens in the sense of 'right-angled panoramic tomography'
- Oceanography (oceanography) = oceanography
P
- Paleography (paleography) = study of ancient manuscripts
- Panography = photo technique
- Pantograph (pantograph) = cranesbill, a drawing device (literally all writer to pan everything comprehensive)
- Pasigrafie (Pasigraphie) = universal script
- Pathography = biography with a focus on the medical history (Greek pathos = sick)
- Pedography (pedography) = representation of the pressure load on the foot (Latin pes = foot)
- Petrography (petrography) = geology ( petros stone)
- Phallography (phallography) = medical procedure for measuring erections
- Phlebography (phlebography) = medical examination of the veins
- Phonography, photography = phonography, photography
- Pigmentography (pigmentography) = artistic stencil printing technique
- Plethysmography (plethysmography) = procedure for measuring the volume fluctuations of a body part or organ (Greek plethore = fullness)
- Polarography (polarography) = analysis method for ions
- Polygraphy (polygraphy) (several meanings) = literally written a lot ( poly much)
- Polysomnography (polysomnography) = examination in a sleep laboratory
- Pornography (pornography) = "lewd representation" (made up of porne whore)
- Posturography (posturography) = diagnostic method of the sense of balance
- Prosopography (prosopography) = research into a group of people (history) (Greek prósopon = face)
- Psychography (psychography) = description of the state of the soul ( psyche soul)
- Psychography (psychography) = the alleged receiving of written messages through necromancy ( writing medium)
R.
- Radiography (radiography) = imaging method with electromagnetic radiation ( radios ray)
- Raphigraphy (raphigraphy) = a braille
- Reprography (reprography) = process for reproducing originals
- Rhyparography (Rhyparography) = painting of everyday objects in antiquity (Greek ryparos = dirty)
- Risography (Risography) = stencil printing process set in rotation
S.
- Scanography (scanography) = photographic process using a scanner
- Selenography (selenography) = lunar science (Greek Selene = moon)
- Serigraphy (Serigraphy) = screen printing
- Shearography (Shearography) = a laser measuring method
- Sialography (sialography) = imaging procedure to show the ducts of the salivary glands
- Skenography (Skenography) = stage painting
- Scriptography (scriptography) = scripture index (lat. Scribere to write)
- Somatography (somatography) = body drawing (work study)
- Somnography (somnography) = creation of a sleep pattern (Greek somnos sleep)
- Sonography (sonography) = imaging procedure with sound, coll. "Ultrasound" ( sonos sound)
- Sociography (sociography) = empirical social research
- Steganography (steganography) = secret writing
- Shorthand (shorthand) = shorthand, writable at the normal pace of the spoken language
- Stereography (stereography) = method of three-dimensional (spatial) representation of images
- Stiefographie (stepography) = a shorthand system
- Stratigraphy (stratigraphy) = stratigraphy (geosciences, archeology and art history)
- Scenography (scenography) = teaching or art of staging in space
- Scintigraphy (scintigraphy) = imaging method of nuclear medicine (Latin scintillare = sparkle, flicker)
T
- Telegraphy = telephony (Greek teleute = the (other) end)
- Thermography (thermography) = imaging process to make temperatures visible (Greek thermos = warm)
- Tomography (tomography) = medical imaging method (lit. slice image, Greek tomos = disc)
- Topography (topography) (several different meanings) = description of a space (Greek topos )
- Typography (typography) = teaching of typesetting (to type 'printing pattern', Greek typos pattern)
U
- Urography (urography) = imaging procedure of the lower urinary tract
V
- Ventriculography (ventriculography) = imaging procedure to examine the heart chamber
- Videography (videography) = The recording of moving images
W.
- Webnography (webnography) = social science research method (composition of web (for World Wide Web) and ethnography)
X
- Xerography (xerography) = electrophotography ( Xerox , company)
Z
- Zerography (zerography) = a process of engraving in wax
- Zinkography (zincography) = printing process with zinc plates
See also
- graphic
- Graph - Disambiguation Page (UCS)
- List of Greek word stems in German foreign words
Web links
Wiktionary: -graphie - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations
Individual evidence
- ↑ Duden.de: -grafie, -graphie