Portocaval anastomosis
As portocaval anastomoses various bypass circuits are of the circulatory system referred to, which at a congestion of the portal vein ( vena portae hepatis a derivative of the blood to) upper and lower vena cava ( superior vena cava and inferior vena cava allow). This congestion can occur due to portal hypertension . The capacity of alternative drainage paths, however, are severely limited, which is why it due to the increased Stauungsdruckes to clinical symptoms, such as the medusae Caput , increased venous drawing in the area of the navel may occur. The varicose veins in the esophagus , so-called esophageal varices , which are caused by high blood pressure and which can lead to life-threatening bleeding if torn, are particularly dangerous .
The portocaval anastomoses include the following bypass circuits:
- Vena portae hepatis → Venae gastricae → Venae oesophageae → Vena azygos / hemiazygos → Vena cava superior
- Hepatic portal vein → vena paraumbilicales → Vena superior epigastric → Vena internal thoracic → brachiocephalic vein → vena cava
- Vena portae hepatis → Venae paraumbilicales → Vena epigastrica inferior → Vena iliaca externa → Vena cava inferior
- Vena portae hepatis → Venae mesenterica superior / inferior → Venae colicae → Venae lumbales ascendentes → Vena azygos / hemiazygos → Vena cava superior
- Vena portae hepatis → Vena mesenterica inferior → Vena colica sinistra → Vena testicularis / ovarian sinistra → Vena renalis sinistra → Vena cava inferior
- Vena portae hepatis → Vena mesenterica inferior → Vena rectalis superior → Vena rectalis media / inferior → Vena iliaca interna → Vena cava inferior
See also
literature
- Schünke et al. (Ed.): Prometheus - LernAtlas der Anatomie. Internal organs. Thieme 2015, p. 219, ISBN 978-3-13-139534-4 .