Present stem
German language
The present stem is spoken of in various grammars. In German it corresponds to the infinitive, reduced by its suffix -en , for verbs on -ln by the suffix -n and equally for verbs with -rn :
| infinitive | Present stem |
|---|---|
| search | search- |
| to love | dear- |
| rattle | rattling |
The present stem is described as the smallest unit of the verb, which still has its basic meaning. In German it is the stem from which most verb forms are formed. The two other stems in German are the preterital and participle stems .
Latin language
In Latin , the present stem is obtained by deleting the infinitive suffix -re . In contrast to German, Latin has no preterital stem (but a perfect stem that German does not know). It forms a past tense from the present stem, namely the imperfect .
Greek language
In ancient Greek , in addition to the aorist , perfect and future tense stem, there was also the present tense stem, which, like in Latin, formed the past tense in addition to the present tense.
In modern Greek , the present stem is differentiated from the aorist - active stem , from the aorist-passive stem and from the participle stem. With the present stem, the present tense in active and passive and also the imperfective past tense " Paratatikos " are formed.
swell
- DUDEN-Grammar 2005 (7th edition)
- J. Lyons: Introduction to Linguistics