Pyramidion of Ezbet Rushdi al-Kebira

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In 1942, near today's Tell el-Dab'a , Labib Habachi found the pyramidion Ezbet Ruschdi al-Kebira (also pyramidion of Ezbet Rušdi al-Kebîra ). It was made of basalt and originally had a metal coating.

The base has an edge length of 53 centimeters, but only the lower part was smoothed in antiquity . To date it has not been possible to clarify which ruler or which pyramid the pyramidion belonged to. A classification in the 13th dynasty is considered provisional.

A short inscription was found on one of the outer sides of the pyramidion during a last investigation by the Egyptian Antiquities Service in 2014, which is probably to be interpreted as ancient Canaanite. This is a short building inscription that refers to the work performed by the construction crew and the duration of the construction period. In the inscription, which has only survived in fragments, the Semitic name Jsf should also be read, but it cannot be identified with the biblical Joseph . By reading the inscription as a Semitic dialect, it becomes clear that in the Second Intermediate Period, people or groups of people from the Middle East were involved in building projects in Egypt, e.g. B. is also assumed for the construction of the Chendjer pyramid due to the Semitic name of the Pharaoh Chendjer , which means "boar".

literature

  • Labib Habachi : Khatâ'na-Qantîr: Importance (= Annales du service des antiquités de l'Égypte (ASAE) No. 52, 1952) Complete article: pp. 443–559; Chapter: III. Two Pyramidions of the XIIIth Dynasty from Ezbet Rushdi el-Kebira (Khata'na). Pp. 471-479 (illustrated and discussed: Plate XVIII, pp. 475-476).
  • Christoffer Theis: The pyramids of the 13th dynasty. In: Studies on Ancient Egyptian Culture. (SAK) Volume 38, 2009, pp. 311-342; in particular: pp. 335 and 337.
  • John Matrix / Dutch Schaefer: An Old canaanite Inscription from Egypt, dating to the 13th Dynasty (?). In: Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt. (JARCE) Volume 54, 2019 (in preparation).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ L. Habachi: Khatâ'na-Qantîr: Importance. in the chapter: Two Pyramidions of the XIIIth Dynasty from Ezbet Rushdi el-Kebira (Khata'na). 1952, p. 476.
  2. ↑ C. Theis: The pyramids of the 13th Dynasty. In: SAK Volume 38, 2009, p. 335.
  3. ^ John Matrix / Dutch Schaefer: An Old canaanite Inscription from Egypt, dating to the 13th Dynasty (?). In: JARCE Volume 54, 2019 (in preparation).