Robbery
As prey help or robbery tool is called in the mining special for robbery labor -made tools or implements. The robbery aids serve to reduce the dangers of robbery of mine extensions . There are different robbery aids depending on the type of expansion
Robbers for wooden stamps
These robbery devices were invented in the 19th century and used to steal wooden stamps . There were several different devices. The robbery spindle, which was presented in 1889, consisted of a screw spindle with a nut . One end of the screw spindle was connected with a rope . The nut of the robbery spindle was attached to an abutment outside the danger area. The rope was wrapped around the lower end of the punch and secured. By twisting the mother, the rope was taut and the stamp could be removed safely.
Another robbery device has been used in mining since the mid-19th century. It consists of three parts, a round wooden rod, a chain and a wooden lever. The wooden pole is 2 to 2.5 inches thick and 10 to 12 feet long . A double hook in the shape of a Roman S is attached to the upper end of the bar. The chain is 15 to 20 feet long, has very strong links, and has a hook on both ends. The wooden lever is six feet long, between four to five inches thick at the strongest end, and rounded at the head. On one side there is a semi-circular incision five to six inches in diameter and a fastening chain. On the opposite side there is an iron hook to which the chain links of the chain can be attached. The miner can use the rod to pull up overturned wooden stamps. To do this, he strikes the hook into the wooden stamp from a safe stand and pulls the stamp towards him. The chain and the wooden lever are used together. One hook of the chain is looped around the stamp and the other hook is attached to the wooden lever. The wooden lever is attached to an abutment with the semicircular incision together with a chain. Then the chain with the wooden lever is pulled bit by bit using the leverage. The chain links are repositioned on the upper hook after each lift, this continues until the chain is taut. Then the stamp is moved with the next stroke. A small hand winch is used to support the leverage.
Robbery devices for friction stamps
In order to safely steal the friction rams used in longwall mining in the 20th century, special robbery devices were also used here. There were two different robbery aids, which are used either to knock out the lock wedge or to use the expansion parts. A robbery hammer is used to knock out the lock wedge. This hammer has a pivoted handle on which there is a pull rope, through which the hammer can be operated from a safe area. The robbery hammer is attached below the lock. By pulling the rope, the hammer is swiveled up against the lock wedge and thus the lock of the friction ram is released. Pulling devices, which are available in different designs, are used to pull the stamp out of the danger area. The oldest pulling device is the punch screwdriver (New Year's Eve). This device has a hook on a rack with which the punch can be pulled out. A crank mechanism is used to move the rack. There is a light and a heavy version. The light version has a pulling force of three tons, the heavy version has a pulling force of five tons.
Robbery aid for route expansion
For raping roadway supports are pneumatic pulling devices typically used with which the support arches are moved. A route bow robbery device can be used to steal long distances . The device is equipped with a hydraulic robbery cylinder that can generate pressures of up to 67 tons. The device can be adjusted between one and 2.6 meters in height. Working with the device has the advantage that the extension arches are not pulled against the warpage , but are pushed forward into the free space. As a result, the expansion arches can be obtained more easily. In addition, the individual expansion segments are less deformed. The robbery of sliding bend extensions can lead to serious accidents, for this reason the connections must be secured beforehand with a loosening harness. These loosening tools are placed on the extension segments and prevent the connections from suddenly opening.
Robber for shield support
Shield support must be pulled out of the longwall after use. For this purpose, special robbery winches have been developed which enable the expansion shields to be pulled completely out of the longwall . These winches are fixed in one of the two mining sections . A long stable chain is moved with the winch and the shields are pulled with the chain.
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Carl Hellmut Fritzsche: Textbook of mining science. Second volume, 10th edition, Springer Verlag, Berlin / Göttingen / Heidelberg 1962.
- ^ A b Wilhelm Leo: Textbook of mining science. Printed and published by G Basse, Quedlinburg 1861.
- ^ Gustav Köhler: Textbook of mining science. 6th improved edition, published by Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig 1903.
- ↑ Karl Friedrich Alexander Hartmann: The progress of hard coal mining in the recent times. Published by Julius Springer, Berlin 1859.
- ↑ Otto Proempeler, Hermann Hobrecker, Günther Epping: pocket calendar for mine officials of the coal industry in 1956. Karl Marklein-Verlag GmbH, Dusseldorf 1956th
- ↑ Collective sheet of the Arnsberg district government, Department 6: Safety when loosening the connections on the sliding bend extension (accessed on April 23, 2012).
- ↑ Patent: Loosening harness. Document identification DE4035659C2 November 26, 1992 (accessed April 23, 2012).
- ↑ Patent: Robbery device for expansion shields in underground operations. Document identification DE3626785A1 March 17, 1988 (accessed April 23, 2012).