Irritating substances

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Irritant substances are hazardous substances that irritate the skin and mucous membranes in the event of a single, sometimes repeated contact . This can lead to inflammation of the affected areas. They are classified as irritating . The “i” in the abbreviation Xi comes from “irritating” (“irritating”).

The standardized skin irritation test was carried out in accordance with the REACH regulation (replacement of the ChemPrüfV ) on the test animal rabbit , whose back was shaved and the substance was applied. If the substance irritates the skin, painful inflammations develop. Replacement methods using human cell cultures are now officially prescribed. The difference to the corrosive substances is that the damage is reversible.

Examples of irritating substances can be found in the category: irritating substances .

Classification according to CLP / GHS

Exclamation mark

According to CLP , substances and mixtures are classified in these two categories:

  • Skin corrosion / irritation Category 2: skin irritant
  • Serious eye damage / eye irritation Category 2: eye irritant

The category Serious Eye Damage / Eye Irritation Category 1: irreversible effects on the eye is to be identified under CLP / GHS with the symbol "caustic".

Classification according to dangerous goods law

The dangerous goods law does not know the criteria for irritant.

Outdated classification according to the substance directive

Lovely
Hazard symbol Xi
(outdated EU label)

According to the substances directive, substances and preparations are classified as irritating if they meet the following criteria:

  • R36 - Irritating to eyes: Significant eye damage occurs within 72 hours of exposure and persists for 24 hours or more. Significant eye damage is
  • R38 - Irritating to the skin: Inflammation occurs which lasts for at least 24 hours after an exposure time of up to 4 hours.
  • R41 - Risk of serious damage to eyes, similar to R36. The damage to the eye is more massive and z. Sometimes also irreversible.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Komnet knowledge database: Is the ChemPrüfV still valid?
  2. ↑ ECEAE : Page no longer available , search in web archives: Fewer rabbits for animal experiments@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.eceae.org