Rheinstrasse (Düsseldorf)
| Rheinstrasse | |
|---|---|
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| Rheinstrasse 2 | |
| Basic data | |
| place | Dusseldorf |
| District | Old Town (Düsseldorf) |
| Created | in the 15. century |
| Connecting roads | between Rheinort and Flinger Straße |
| Cross streets | Akademie-, Berger- and Marktstraße |
| use | |
| User groups | Car and foot traffic |
| Technical specifications | |
| Street length | ~ 85m |
The Rhine road is a little old street in the Düsseldorf old town , which has already been created in the course of the first urban expansion after the 1384th Originally it led from the Rheintor to Flinger Straße . The old buildings were only rebuilt on the south side of the street after being destroyed in the last world war. The north side, on the other hand, was completely changed because the building line was shifted to the north. The sidewalk on the north side has been significantly widened and has two levels in the eastern part. Today this eastern area before the intersection of Marktstraße and Berger Straße is a heavily frequented and popular outdoor area of the Uerige restaurant with bar tables on both sides of the street in the warmer months of the year.
location
Rheinstrasse lies between the Akademiestrasse junction , which was called Commissariatsstrasse until the middle of the 18th century , and the intersection of Marktstrasse , Bergerstrasse and Flinger Strasse . In order to fill in the Berger Harbor, it was separated from the Rhine with a dam. The no longer existing dam road was laid out on the dam in 1831 . This branched off at the beginning of Rheinstraße in the area of the former Rhine Gate and ended at Schulstraße near the banks of the Rhine.
From Akademiestrasse, the extension leads in a curve under two new building complexes in a north-westerly direction to the Rhine promenade . The entire area from Akademiestrasse in a north-westerly direction has the historical name Rheinort . The pedestrian area in the direction of Berger Hafen and the street extension to the Rhine embankment promenade will be separated by the new building Rheinort No. 1 and 2 . Via the southern one, stairs lead to the northern area of the lower Berger harbor . At the beginning of the stairs before the descent to the port there are about 1 m high brick wall sections on the remains of the foundations of the former Rhine gate. These were built with the new construction of the Berger Hafen and show the location of the former gate.
history
With the first city expansion, the short Rheinstrasse with the Rheintor as access from the banks of the Rhine was laid out. The first documentary evidence of the Rheinstrasse comes from 1413. The gate, verifiable from around 1480, was behind the later branch of the Akademiestrasse in the direction of the Rhine and not directly on the bank of the Rhine. The first gate was built over with a tower. This gate was demolished in 1775 and replaced by a building with a gate passage according to the sketch. Up until the first half of the 17th century, the city wall still lay between the Rheintor and Berger Pforte . On the city side there was a narrow path in front of the wall, which was called "eighth of the wall" or "eighth of the wall at the gate", but the built-up Akademiestraße was only laid out after this section of the wall was laid. After the Rhine gate with city wall and in front of the Rhine , some houses were built at the beginning of the 19th century and after the Berger port was filled in at the beginning of the 19th century. This area in front of the wall and the Rhine gate was called Rheinort . The city received the approval to fill the Berger Hafen and demolish the Rhine Gate in 1831 through a Prussian cabinet order.
In 1632 taxes were paid for 21 houses on what was then known as "Rein Straess". At this point in time, taxes were already collected for 16 houses “Achter der Mauren and Rein Straess”. Especially after the construction of the Berger Hafen in 1620, the Rheintor with the Rheinstrasse was an important access to the old town from the banks of the Rhine. From here, boatmen, pilots and fishermen reached the city “by a short distance”. As a result of this location, wine and beer bars were built in many of the houses on Rheinstrasse or were branches of fishmongers.
Development
In addition to the names of the house owners from 1632, many later owners and names of the original houses on this street have come down to us. The following information on the historical and current development of Rheinstrasse:
On the right-hand side of the street, seen from the Rhine, was corner house No. 1 , called "In the golden angel". The trader Kirchbaum ran a textile shop here in 1770, followed in the 19th century by the fish trader Max Schönstein and the landlord Jacob Fenster, whose restaurant was a popular meeting place for boatmen and fishermen.
Of house no. 3 other owners from 1662 are known by name. At least from the beginning of the 18th century, the house was called "In der Hoffnung" and a quaint restaurant was maintained here. The restaurant was later renamed "Tante Olga". It existed under this name for many years after 1945 before it was bought and converted by the Uerige brewery.
"To the three pegs" was house number 5 . Other owners of this house are also known from the middle of the 17th century. The house had massive vaulted cellars, which were probably used to store fish in the warm season. This storage of fish may have been the inspiration for the name. After 1870, the landlord Ernst Jüngermann ran a restaurant here called Wichsdos . Jerk off because the house, and with it the bar, was narrow and cramped like such a can. Around 1900 "Carl Maassen", the fishmonger from Berger Strasse, bought the house. Even after 1945, a restaurant was operated in this house under the name Wichsdos . At that time, the humorist Claire Schlichting created "the" mood. Like everyone else on this side of the street, this house was later bought and rebuilt.
From the following houses No. 7 to the last No. 11 there are no specific house names, but various names of owners from the middle of the 17th century. After the last war, the music bar “Dr. Jazz ”was his domicile for many years and was a popular meeting place for fans of this music.
The last house on this side of the street was the corner house and belongs to Bergerstraße as house number 1 and was the original "Zum Heidelberger Faß". Nowadays this is the famous Uerige restaurant . After the war, during the reconstruction, the former houses Rheinstrasse 9 and 11 were rebuilt together with the house Berger Strasse 1 as a restaurant and an initially small brewery.
After 1945, the historic houses No. 1 to 7 were also rebuilt on the south side. The restaurants that were created there at that time are already listed above. Later the houses were taken over by the restaurant and brewery Uerige , as before No. 9 and 11 , and rebuilt for the expansion of the brewery. The corner building, formerly house no. 1, is now part of a larger complex, which is now house no. 2 on Akademiestrasse.
As already mentioned, the destroyed houses on the north side of the street were no longer rebuilt after the last war. The following has been handed down from the old original buildings:
In house no. 2 , the inn was run by August Dicke, the father of the Rhine . Paul Sültenfuß honored the house in his dissertation. From the house no. 4 nothing special is known in addition to some owners name.
From the beginning of the 18th century, house no. 6 was called "To the Three Moors" or "To the Three Marions". Various wine merchants such as Weingartz and Joseph Schulten and the landlord Johann Schmitz owned and operated restaurants from the 18th to the beginning of the 19th century.
House number 8 was called "Zum Schwanen" or "Zum Weißen Schwanen" . In the 17th to the middle of the 18th century, the fishmongers Wilhelm Spinrath and Joseph Willems were the owners. After that it was a logir house for many years in which, for example, the dentist Unger from Holland offered his services in 1778.
In house no. 10 first "Die Traube" and from 1704 renamed "To the City of Brussels", an inn was operated for a time. The Düsseldorf regiolect poet Hans Müller-Schlösser was born in this house in 1884.
The houses no. 12, 14 and 16 "to St. Joseph" and called in the same order "to winning walnut", "The Golden Salm" were demolished in the second half of the 19th century and on this land "Leussings Fischhalle " built.
From the houses No. 18 , "To the golden ring", No. 20 , "To the little stockfish", and the corner house , "To the big stockfish", the names of various owners from the past have been handed down in addition to the house names.
Today's development on the north side consists of only two larger building complexes. The first building is house Rheinort Nr. 1 , although this is on the old site of Rheinstrasse. This house no. 1 with a breakthrough for the continuation of Rheinstrasse and a pedestrian area on both sides forms a unit with the building Rheinort no . The latter is located above Berger Hafen . This is followed by an undeveloped pedestrian area on Rheinstrasse, which leads to Zollstrasse and a small green area with the Hoppeditz memorial erected in 2008 between the houses in Rheinort and Zollstrasse. After this passage comes the large building complex Marktplatz No. 5 and 6 , which is located between Marktplatz and Rheinstrasse. During the construction of this building complex after 1945, the western building line from the market square was reduced to such an extent that Berger Straße no longer began in front of the corner building Zum Großen Stockfisch on Rheinstraße, but now Marktstraße continues directly as Berger Straße.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Herrmann Kleinfeld; in: Düsseldorf's streets and their names , 1996, Grupello-Verlag, p. 98.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Alfons Houben, in: Düsseldorf How it was then - how it is today , WI-Verlag, 1983, p. 184/185.
- ↑ Herrmann Kleinfeld; in: Düsseldorf's streets and their names , 1996, Grupello-Verlag, p. 278.
- ↑ Official Journal for the Düsseldorf administrative region, in: Appendix to the “Building plan of the city of Düsseldorf No. 4442” , 1831, No. 64, p. [404] 407.
- ↑ F. Ferber, in: 1632 Landsteuererbuch der Stadt Düsseldorf , reprint from 1889, pp. 36–38.
- ^ F. Ferber, in: Historical walk through the old city of Düsseldorf , 1889, Verlag C. Kraus, Part II, p. 79.
- ↑ a b c d e f F. Ferber, in: Historical walk through the old city of Düsseldorf , 1889, Verlag C. Kraus, Part II, pp. 80/81.
- ↑ http://www.grupello.de/daten/C058.pdf
- ^ In: City Archives State Capital Düsseldorf ; under the heading “Die Berger Straße”.