Marketplace (Düsseldorf)
| Marketplace | |
|---|---|
 |
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 Knight games on the market square on the occasion of the wedding of the Hereditary Prince Johann Wilhelm in 1585 |
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| Basic data | |
| place | Dusseldorf |
| District | Old town |
| Created | middle Ages |
| Confluent streets | Burgplatz , Bolkerstrasse , Zollstrasse , Marktstrasse |
| Buildings | town hall |
| use | |
| User groups | Pedestrian traffic , bicycle traffic , car traffic |
| Space design | Equestrian statue of Jan Wellems |
The market square is a central square in Düsseldorf's old town , which was created as part of the first city expansion in the 14th century and was first mentioned in documents in 1392. Today it mainly serves representative and public purposes and is only occasionally used as a marketplace. It is dominated by the town hall and the Jan Wellem equestrian monument .
Location and surroundings
The slightly trapezoidal market square looks almost square and measures around 50 by 50 meters. It is located between Burgplatz and Marktstraße, Zollstraße and Bolkerstraße in the heart of the old town and has buildings on all four sides. The western and northern parts are bounded by the town hall building complex. The eastern part is built on with a row of buildings, on the ground floor of which there are shops and restaurants, whereby only the houses No. 12 , 11, 10 and 9 are assigned to the market square. The south of the square is dominated by the city treasury building.
history
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Originally, the market in the small city of Düsseldorf took place at the end of the " Altestadt " street . In the years of the first city expansion (1382-1394), a new market was created at the current location, which was mentioned in a document as early as 1392. The market place was the place of public announcements and events. In 1526/27, Friedrich Myconius , a friend and supporter of the reformer Martin Luther, preached and disputed in an inn located here . In 1544 the mayor, the council, and the lay judges moved into a building on the square. Between 1570 and 1573 this town hall , located on the northern side of the square, was renovated by the Duisburg master builder Heinrich Tussmann . The designs may come from the architect Alessandro Pasqualini .
In 1739 a theater was built with the " Kommödienhaus ", in the former building of Gabriel de Grupello's foundry , on the site of the dilapidated house of the Bergisch Chancellors ("Old Chancellery"), which served as a venue until 1875. It was here that Immermann attempted to reform the German theater system at the time of Düsseldorf's great cultural bloom in the 1830s. After Immermann's activity as theater director, the house had not been able to develop artistically under numerous changing direction. This was not least due to the high lease fees that the city demanded from entrepreneurial theater directors. The building was finally demolished in 1881 and in 1884 the new town hall was built at right angles to the old town hall according to the designs of the then town architect Eberhard Westhofen . Damaged in the Second World War, the historicist building was not reconstructed in the post-war period.
Space design and development
The entire northern and western part of the square is dominated by the Düsseldorf City Hall. Numerous buildings lining the square are under monument protection.
On the square is one of the most important equestrian statues in Germany, which was created in 1711 by the Italian-Flemish sculptor Gabriel de Grupello . The memorial shows the elector Jan Wellem riding a horse. The elector had a house built for his court sculptor around 1706 , which he gave to him in 1708. Among other things, the artist's workshops and casting house , in which the equestrian statue was made, were located here. The foundry was later converted into the so-called Grupellotheater . After extensive extensions, the house remained in the possession of the Grupello family until the middle of the 18th century and then served as an administration building. In World War II destroyed, it has been simplified rebuilt and now houses the council chamber of the city of Dusseldorf.
use
For centuries, the market square has been the central square where the city of Düsseldorf celebrates official events and welcomes guests to the city.
market
Markets have been held in the square since 1482. As part of the urban expansion, competing marketplaces were created in other places. By 1910 at the latest, Carlsplatz had replaced the market square as a location for a regular weekly market. The market stalls now set up once a week are of a tourist nature. A Christmas market has been taking place in front of the town hall for several years. In addition, market-like events such as wine festivals or craft markets take place here at irregular intervals.
carnival
The carnival begins in Düsseldorf on November 11th , with the "awakening" of Hoppeditz at 11:11 am on the market square in front of the town hall. The place is then full of carnival enthusiastic people who want to attend the foolish and sometimes bitingly ironic exchange of blows between the arch prankster and the respective mayor .
On Rose Monday, the carnival parade then moves across the market square, past the balcony of the town hall, where not only the mayor but also other personalities from local political life gather and watch the spectacle. The marketplace is then also the location of a television camera that broadcasts the carnival procession live on television.
Other events and uses
On Martin's Day , in mid-November, numerous parades take place in the Düsseldorf districts. The oldest and most traditional is held in the old town. At the end of the parade, a short game of Martin's story takes place on the market square, the highlight of which is the division of the coat.
A little later, towards the end of November, a Christmas tree is set up on the market square. The Norwegian city of Lillehammer has been sending a large Christmas tree to Düsseldorf since 1979 . The background to this is the strong economic ties between Norway and North Rhine-Westphalia, especially in the energy sector.
literature
- Hugo Weidenhaupt : A Brief History of the City of Düsseldorf . 9th edition. Triltsch, Düsseldorf 1993, ISBN 3-7998-0000-X
- Hermann Kleinfeld: Düsseldorf's streets and their names . Grupello, Düsseldorf 1996, ISBN 3-928234-36-6
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Hugo Weidenhaupt: Brief history of the city of Düsseldorf . 9th edition. Triltsch, Düsseldorf 1993, ISBN 3-7998-0000-X , p. 42
- ↑ Christmas greetings from Lillehammer for the Düsseldorf market square
Coordinates: 51 ° 13 ′ 32.9 ″ N , 6 ° 46 ′ 19.3 ″ E