Reference operation

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When straightening operation using a special form of energy exchange between two non-synchronous power networks without the use of HVDC -Kurzkupplungen or other special facilities. In order to carry out the straightening operation, part of the corresponding power grid is optionally supplied from one or the other network system.

The advantage of the standard operation is that it can be used to supply areas close to the border from both network systems with little effort; the disadvantage of this method is that in the part of the electricity network that is subject to the standard operation, there should be as few power plants as possible. since these must be able to carry out the network control according to both methods.

The standard operation was used for the exchange of energy between Austria and Hungary until the beginning of the 1990s, and the first 380 kV line for the internal German energy exchange also used this procedure.