Sölring

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sylter Frisian and its neighboring Frisian dialects

Sölring (or Söl'ring, also Sylter Frisian , outdated Syltring ) is one of the ten main dialects of the North Frisian language . It is traditionally spoken on the island of Sylt and belongs to the island Frisian branch of North Frisian.

language

As the northernmost North Frisian dialect, which goes back to the first wave of Frisian immigration from around the year 800, Sylter Frisian was subject to a relatively strong Jutian influence and has a correspondingly old layer of Jutian loan and substratum words . Due to its peripheral location in the language area, Sölring is also not or only partially affected by many developments in North Frisian. The typical North Frisian lowering of the short i to the short a developed on Sylt, for example, usually only up to the e (compare Sölring fesk, Fering fask "fish").

In the nominal gender of Sylter Frisian - as in Dutch and Low German - the masculine and feminine coincide opposite the neuter ( ie "der" / "die", dit "das"). This system shares the Sölring within North Frisian only with the Helgoland dialect (Halunder). There is even a tendency on Sylt for all three genera to coincide, for example in English. This development was probably held up by the increasing influence of Standard German. Also only with the Halunder does the Sölring share the characteristic of only having one cross-gender uniform form of the possessive pronoun (e.g. min "mein"), while the other North Frisian dialects have different forms for the masculine on the one hand and the feminine and neuter on the other.

Sylter Frisian is considered the North Frisian dialect in which dual pronouns lasted the longest - well into the 20th century. In contrast to the other dialects, the Sölring had the dual next to the 1st ( wat "we both"; unk "us both") and the 2nd person ( at "you both"; junk "you both") also in the 3rd . Person on ( jat "the two"), but only in the subject form.

Dialect literature

The Sölring has an outstanding position among the North Frisian dialects in the field of literature. The Sylter Frisian literature is considered to be the most comprehensive and extensive North Frisian dialect literature . Even if no Sylt-Frisian literature from the period before 1800 has survived, the Sylt poets were often pioneers in literary development afterwards. It is assumed that this was favored by the early onset of tourism on the island and the associated threat to the language, which sensitized the people of Sylt to their identity and language.

The appearance of the comedy Der Geitzhals on the island of Silt by the Sylt seaman Jap Peter Hansen (1767–1855) in 1809 is today considered the starting point of modern North Frisian literature. Hansen also wrote the only longer novel ever written in North Frisian. Di lekkelk Stjüürman ("The happy helmsman") appeared in 1833 as a sequel to Sylt Petritag .

His son, the teacher Christian Peter Hansen (1803–1879), created a Frisian national myth with the work Uald 'Söld'ring Tialen ("Old Sylt Stories") from the Sylt saga treasure through reinterpretation and adaptation. A well-known ballad by Hansen is Di Brirfiarhooger ("The Bridal Hill ").

The translation of the New Testament and the Psalms by the teacher Peter Michael Clemens (1804–1870) into the Sylt language is also of particular importance . This means that a North Frisian translation of the Bible was created much earlier than, for example, in the West Frisian language . However, the work remained undiscovered for a long time and was only printed in 2008.

Most of Sylt's literature was created in the first half of the 20th century. Well-known poets of the time were, for example, the businessman Andreas Hübbe (Di Önergang fan Söl) and the publisher Christian Peter Christiansen, who wrote the Sylt hymn Üüs Sölring Lön (“Our Sylter Land”).

Jens Emil Mungard was of the greatest importance for the people of Sylt and all of North Frisian literature . He wrote about 800 poems, plus a little prose and plays. His best-known work is the poem Di Hiir es Brir (“The heather is in bloom”). Mungard died in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp in 1940 .

Text example: Üüs Söl'ring Lön '

This is followed by the first stanza and the refrain of the song Üüs Söl'ring Lön ', the unofficial Sylt hymn, by Christian Peter Christiansen.

Üüs Söl'ring Lön '

Üüs Söl'ring Lön ', you best üüs helig;
You blef you üüs ain, you best üüs Lek!
Din Wiis tö hual'en, sen wü welig;
Di Söl'ring Spraak auriit wü ek.
Wü bliiv me di ark Tir forbün'en,
Sa lung üs wü üp Warel 'sen.
Uk diar jaar Uuning bütlön 'fün'en,
Ja leng roof ages dead di hen.

Kumt Riin,
Kumt Senenskiin,
Kum junk of lekelk Tiren,
Tö Söl 'wü hual'
Aural;
Wü bliiv truu Söl'ring Liren!

Our Sylt region

Our Sylt region, you are sacred to us,
you are our own, you are our happiness.
We are willing to keep your style.
We don't forget the Sylt language.
We stay connected with you at all times
as long as we are in the world.
Even those who found their home outside,
they always long for you.

Come rain,
come sunshine,
come dark or happy times
. We
always keep Sylt
We remain loyal Sylt people.

literature

  • Boy Peter Möller: Dictionary of the Sylt dialect . Sendet Reprint Verlag, Vaduz / Liechtenstein 1993 (1916), ISBN 3-253-02746-5 .
  • Anna Gantzel u. Ommo Wilts: Sölring fuar Sölring Skuulen. Frisian school dictionary (Sylter Frisian - German / German - Sylter Frisian) with a theory of forms . Edited by Söl'ring Foriining eV Matthiesen Verlag, Husum 2001 (3rd edition, EA: 1978).
  • Birgit Kellner: Sölring Uurterbok. Dictionary of the Sylter Frisian language. Kairem / Söl 2006.

Movie

  • 2006: Inselklang - We won't forget the Sylt language . 28 minutes, directed by Anne Goltz
  • 2013: Söl'ring - faces of the original Sylt dialect . 12 minutes, by Wiebke Mörig ( video at vimeo.com )

Web links

Commons : Sölring  - collection of images, videos and audio files
  • friisk.org (private website with online dictionary)

Individual evidence

  1. Ommo Wilts, Alastair Walker: The North Frisian dialects. In: Horst H. Munske (Hrsg.): Handbuch des Frisian . Niemeyer, Tübingen 2001.
  2. Thomas Steensen: Two Centuries of North Frisian Literature - A Brief Review and Outlook . In: Journal for cultural and educational sciences . University of Flensburg, No. 8, pp. 121–127.
  3. Hindrik Brouwer (ed.), Peter Michael Clemens. The four Gospels in Sylter Frisian. Estrikken 83, Kiel 2008.
  4. Ommo Wilts: The North Frisian Literature . In: Horst H. Munske (Hrsg.): Handbuch des Frisian . Niemeyer, Tübingen 2001.
  5. Information on the film , accessed on January 6, 2016.