Safīya bint Huyaiy

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Safīya bint Huyaiy ( Arabic صفية بنت حيي, DMG Ṣafīyya bint Ḥuyaiy ; * approx. 610 in Yathrib (Medina); † approx. 670) was the eleventh wife of the general and religious founder Mohammed in his second marriage . Her father Huyayy ibn Akhtab was the leader of the Banū n-Nadīr , the most important Jewish tribe from the Medina area. Her mother was Barra bint Samaw'al , from a respected Jewish family of the Banū Quraiza tribe .

Life

In 625, the Banu Nadir were driven out of Medina by Mohammed and the tribe settled in Chaibar . Safiyya stayed with the Jewish tribe of Abu l-Huqaiq in their fortress Qamis.

In 627 her father and brother were the main actors in the battle of the trenches and were then besieged by Mohammed's troops in the fortress of Banu Quraiza. After they surrendered, they were killed along with all the men of the Banu Quraiza, and all women and children were enslaved.

In 627 or early 628, at the age of 17, she was married to Kinana ibn al-Rabi , a leader of the Jews of Yathrib.

In 628 Mohammed moved to Chaibar (see train to Chaibar ) and also took the fortress of Qamis. Mohammed had Kinana ibn al-Rabi tortured and later killed, and Safiyya and her sister were taken prisoner. They were brought to the “envoy”. He asked who Safiyya was. It was said that she was the daughter of Safiyya bint Huyayy, the head of the Jew who incited armies against the Muslims. He let her come inside. Then Safiyya greeted him with the greeting of Islam and said: "Peace be upon you, O Messenger of Allah." He asked astonished: "You know that I am the Messenger of Allah?" "Yes" she answered and told him what she did had heard from her father and uncle. Shortly afterwards, Mohammed married Safiyya. A fighter competing for the marital relationship with Safiyya with Mohammed received two nieces of Safiyya for consolation.

After Muhammad's death she stood up for the caliph Uthman ibn Affan . She died around 670. She bequeathed part of her enormous fortune to a Jewish nephew.

literature

Islamic sources

  • Ibn Ishaq, Gernot Rotter (translator): The life of the prophet. As-Sira An-Nabawiya . Spohr, Kandern in the Black Forest 1999, ISBN 3-927606-22-7 .

Other literature

  • Hans Jansen : Mohammed. A biography. (2005/2007) Translated from the Dutch by Marlene Müller-Haas. CH Beck, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-406-56858-9 , pp. 246 f., 358 f. and 362.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Alfred Guillaume : The Life of Muhammad. A Translation of Ishâq's Sirat Rasul Allah. Oxford 1955, p. 511.