Sannar Dam
| Sannar Dam | |||||||||
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| Coordinates | 13 ° 32 '50 " N , 33 ° 38' 7" E | ||||||||
| Data on the structure | |||||||||
| Construction time: | 1914-1925 | ||||||||
| Height of the barrier structure : | 40 m | ||||||||
| Crown length: | 3,025 m | ||||||||
| Crown width: | 7 m | ||||||||
| Power plant output: | 15 MW | ||||||||
| Data on the reservoir | |||||||||
| Reservoir length | 25 km | ||||||||
The Sannar Dam ( Arabic خزان سنار, DMG Ḫazzān Sannār ) is a dam in the Blue Nile near the city of Sannar in eastern Sudan , which was built between 1914 and 1925 to irrigate the Gezira project .
description
The total of 3,025 m long Sannar dam consists of a 1,750 m long gravity dam with a straight floor plan, which is bordered on the banks by 445 m or 830 m long earth embankments with masonry cores. The dam wall has a maximum height of 40 m above the deepest foundation. It consists of quarry stone and cement mortar masonry using granite from a quarry not far away and cement from a cement factory built for the construction of dams. Her foot is 27 m, her crown is 7 m wide. Two large cranes operate the gates on the Krone. Instead of today's two-lane road, a railway originally ran over the Sannar Dam.
The dam wall contains 80 gates, a small power station with 15 MW and the two 107 m wide outlet structures for two 60 m wide irrigation canals, which together have a discharge of 354 m³ / s. If all the gates of the dam are open, more than the calculated highest tides of the Blue Nile should be able to pass.
The reservoir originally had a volume of 800 million m³, which is said to have been reduced to 500 million m³ due to sedimentation . In order to slow down the sedimentation, the reservoir is drained once a year when the tide rises in order to largely flush out the sediments.
The two channels are used to irrigate the Gezira project . They run in a natural gradient almost in a straight line for 57 km to the north, where they are led on separate routes into the other fields.
history
Construction of the Sannar Dam was started by the British in 1914 but did not get beyond the site setup when World War I interrupted further work. Work continued in 1919, but had to be discontinued again in 1921, as the available funds were exhausted by increases in the price of building materials. In 1922 S. Pearson & Sons, Ltd. , the company of Weetman Pearson, 1st Viscount Cowdray , commissioned the further construction work. In July 1925, the Sannar Dam was completed. The planning of the Sannar dam was done by Murdoch Macdonald , the advisor to the Egyptian Ministry of Construction, the construction manager ( engineer ) was OL Prowde .
See also
- List of power plants in Sudan
- List of dams in the world (Sudan)
- List of dams on the Nile
- List of bridges over the Nile
- List of the largest dams on earth
- List of the largest reservoirs on earth
literature
- OL Prowde, The Gezira Irrigation Scheme, Including the Sennar Dam on the Blue Nile , Minutes of Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Vol. 222, p. 80 (1926).
Web links
- Conquest of the desert (building of the Sannar Dam). Based on Mike's Engineering Wonders, Vintage Pages from the 1930's
Individual evidence
- ↑ Herve Plusquellec: The Gezira Irrigation Scheme in Sudan . World Bank Technical Paper Number 120
- ↑ Eyasu Yazew Hagos: Development and Management of Irrigated Lands in Tigray, Ethiopia Dissertation 2005, Delft