Scarborough (ship)

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The Scarborough was a British transport ship weighing 418  tons and almost 34 meters long and 9 meters wide. It was built in Scarborough , North Yorkshire in 1782 and was part of the First Fleet as a convict carrier that arrived in Australia with European settlers and convicts in 1788. She also took part in the Second Fleet that followed in 1790 .

Their captain was John Marshall , the ship's doctor was Dennis Considen . She ran out on May 13, 1787 with 208 male convicts on board from Portsmouth and arrived on January 19, 1788 in Botany Bay , Australia . Since this bay was not suitable for a harbor, it anchored on January 26, 1788 off Port Jackson .

Together with the Charlotte , she left Port Jackson on May 6, 1788, initially for China. On May 17, 1788, she landed on Lord Howe Island to take birds and vegetables on board. Numerous new islands were discovered on the journey to China. The Scarborough arrived back in England on June 15, 1789.

She set sail for Australia with the Neptune and the Surprize in the infamous Second Fleet on January 19, 1790 with 253 male convicts on board. The captain on the second voyage was again John Marshall, and the ship's doctor was Augustus Jacob Beyer . She arrived at the Cape of Good Hope on April 13, 1790 and stayed there for 16 days. She took over provisions and 8 convicts from the sunken Guardian .

On the way she and the Neptune were separated from the Surprize in heavy weather and arrived in Port Jackson on June 28, 1790 after a journey of 190 days. 73 (28%) of the convicts died on the voyage, another 96 (37%) were sick on landing.

literature

  • Mollie Gillen : The Founders of Australia. A Biographical Dictionary of the First Fleet. Library of Australian History, Sydney 1989, ISBN 0-908120-69-9 .
  • Charles Bateson: The Convict Ships, 1787-1868. 1st Australian edition. Reed, Sydney 1974, ISBN 0-589-07146-7 .