Düneck Castle
The castle-like building is located in an extensive park on Klinkerstraße in Moorrege . Although it is known as Düneck Castle , it is not a castle. Rather, it was designed as a country house for the wealthy German-American Michael Lienau (1816–1893), who had it built in 1871. The architect was his brother Detlef Lienau (1818–1887), who was considered one of the most important American architects of his time.
The main and auxiliary buildings as well as the park are entered in the monument book as a cultural monument of particular importance.
History of origin
Michael Lienau from Uetersen took over the wine trade from his father Jacob Lienau and initially specialized in the import of French wines. He finally settled in New York and made a considerable fortune with his company Diedrichs und Lienau, founded there in 1841, and in the textile trade. Lienau was also the head of several New York fire insurance companies and president of the First National Bank of Jersey City. His first marriage was to Sarah Adeline Booraem, who came from a traditional American family from New Amsterdam, and his second marriage was to Sarah Francis Van Vorst from one of the oldest and wealthiest families in New Jersey. Lienau returned to Germany with his second wife.
He planned to build his new domicile in the middle of a large park on the edge of the pinna valley. Sand drifts in the dune area, which is sparsely overgrown by cripple pines, made it difficult to set up the park. Lienau finally had large parts of the area leveled and covered with heavy clay soil from the marsh.
architecture
Detlef Lienau, who studied in Berlin in 1837 at the trade school founded by Klöden, later studied at the Royal Building Trade School in Munich. His 177 hand drawings and ornament studies that have been handed down, which are in the archive of the Avery Library at Columbia University New York, suggest an intensive study of the styles that shaped Schinkel's Berlin. The talented architect always strived for purity and balance. In 1847 he received the first prize for his neo-classicism-oriented design of the Altona hospital, the construction of which, however, was only carried out from 1859 to 1861 and redesigned with clinker cladding by the architect Winkler. From 1842 to 1846 Detlef Lienau worked in the office of the French architect Henri Labrouste in Paris, one of whose most famous creations is the Bibliothèque Sainte Geneviève (Henri Labrouste, Wikipedia). Detlef Lienau received decisive influences in Paris. In New York, where he followed his brother, he quickly became successful and built villas and country houses for numerous prominent Americans. Its name was linked to the introduction of the French mansard roof from the time of the Second Empire. For his brother Michael he designed a small "cottage" in New Jersey, the covered entrance area anticipating the much more elaborate von Düneck. Lienau's most famous building in the USA is the villa for the railroad entrepreneur LeGrand Lockwood in South Norwalk (Connecticut), the exterior design is based on the French Renaissance style, the interior is exuberantly luxurious. Detlef Lienau also designed the simple house of the Lienau family in Uetersen, which temporarily housed the wine trade. The original drawings for Düneck Castle, the outbuildings and the gate are in the archive of the Avery Library at Columbia University New York.
Düneck Castle is an eight-axis building with two main floors and a high basement, bricked with yellow and red bricks. The slate roof is loosened up by numerous dormers with white decorative gables. The south-east side with the winter garden is generally more simple than the entrance side in the north-west. There, two side wings frame the representative entrance. A continuous hall connects to the inside. The side rooms of the first floor can be reached from a gallery. The ensemble is illuminated by a large, artistically framed skylight window.
gallery
Changing use
- The business decline followed the death of Michael Lienau in 1893. The family sold the property to the Uetersen-born brickworks owner and shipowner, Captain Johann Peter Baas, who was related to the Tantau and Kedenburg families. Lienau and Baas were business partners. Together with Ludwig Meyn and monastery provost v. Ahlefeldt they founded the "Uetersener Dampfziegelei", later "Uetersener Dampfziegelei JP Baas Successor". In 1874 Lienau, Baas and Mayor Ernst Heinrich Meßtorf founded the "Uetersener Credit-Verein eG", since 1920 "Uetersener Bank eGmbH", since March 1941 "Volksbank Uetersen eGmbH".
- Johann Peter Baas leased Düneck Castle to the sanatorium and water doctor Dr. August Friedrich Erfurth, who used the house as a sanatorium for girls from affluent families who were at risk of alcohol. In 1905, Baas left Düneck Castle to his daughter Emma Margarethe Baas and his son-in-law Eduard Schwab, who turned Düneck into a mental hospital. It had to be closed in 1908 after suicides had occurred.
- After that, Düneck Castle had changing owners and stood empty for many years. In 1923/24 the Landesbank Kiel bought it at a foreclosure auction.
- In 1937 the Landesbank sold Düneck Castle to the Nordmark-Werke. The founders Julius Wolf and Alfred Voss, honorary consul of Hungary and owners of the margarine works of Hinrich Voss in Altona, moved with their families from Hamburg to Düneck in 1943. Annemarie Voss, Alfred Voss' widow, stayed in Düneck like Julius Wolf and continued the margarine works after his death. As the local chairwoman of the DRK in Moorrege and as a member of the DRK Presidium in Kiel, she devoted herself to numerous charitable tasks.
- When in 1980 the Nordmark-Werke, which had been taken over by BASF in 1968, applied for a demolition, the local council Moorrege became active. It prevented the demolition by drawing up a development plan with a change lock. In addition, one successfully operated the listed position.
- After several years of negotiations, a private investor, Hans-Werner Rathjens, took over the property. He set up several condominiums and restored buildings and parks. The former mayor of Uetersen Lothar Mosler campaigned for the preservation and monument protection of the house.
swell
- Lothar Mosler : Düneck Castle, Small local history of Moorrege and its surroundings , Uetersen 1989
- HF Bubbe: Attempt of a chronicle of the city and the monastery Uetersen I. and II. Volume, Uetersen 1932 and 1936
- Uwe Barghaan: CD-ROM "Uetersen and Moorrege", Uetersen 1998
- Ellen Weill Kramer: The Domestic Architecture of Detlef Lienau, a Conservative Victorian, Edited by Dake Chodorow, New York 2006
- Archives of the Avery Library, Columbia University New York
Coordinates: 53 ° 40 ′ 25 " N , 9 ° 39 ′ 56.6" E