Swedish dialect alphabet

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The Swedish dialect alphabet ( Swedish Landsmålsalfabetet ) is a phonetic alphabet created by Johan August Lundell in 1878 and used as a phonetic transcription for Swedish dialects . The original version consisted of 89 letters; Carl Jakob Sundevall suggested 42 letters that came from the phonetic alphabet. The Swedish dialect alphabet has since grown to over 200 letters. In it, Latin letters are supplemented by symbols that were taken from other languages ​​(including modifications of þ and ðfrom Germanic alphabets, γ and φ from the Greek alphabet and ы from the Cyrillic alphabet ) and with systematic decorations. There are also various diacritical marks to represent prosody .

The alphabet has been used extensively to describe Swedish dialects, both in Sweden and in Finland . It was also the origin of many of the symbols used by the Swedish sinologist Bernhard Karlgren for his reconstruction of Central Chinese .

Three of the additional letters ( ⱸ , ⱹ and ⱺ ) are also included in Unicode version 5.1.0 ( U + 2C78 to U + 2C7A ) for use in a dictionary of Finnish-Swedish dialects . An application to include 106 additional letters was submitted in 2007. In 2017 this request was still open.

literature

  • Manne Eriksson: Svensk ljudskrift 1878–1960. En översikt över det svenska landsmålsalfabetets utveckling och användning huvudsakligen i tidskriften Svenska Landsmål. 1961.
  • Landsmålsalfabetet . In: Theodor Westrin (Ed.): Nordisk familjebok konversationslexikon och realencyklopedi . 2nd Edition. tape 15 : Kromat – Ledvätska . Nordisk familjeboks förlag, Stockholm 1911, Sp. 1044-1048 (Swedish, runeberg.org ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b J. A. Lundell: The Swedish dialect alphabet . In: Studia Neophilologica . 1, No. 1, 1928, pp. 1-17. doi : 10.1080 / 00393272808586721 .
  2. ↑ a b c d Therese Leinonen, Klaas Ruppel, Erkki I. Kolehmainen, Caroline Sandström: Proposal to encode characters for Ordbok över Finlands svenska folkmål in the UCS (PDF) 2006.
  3. ^ The Chinese Rime Tables: Linguistic Philosophy and Historical-Comparative Phonology . tape 271 . John Benjamin, Amsterdam 2006, ISBN 90-272-4785-4 , Appendix II: Comparative transcriptions of rime table phonology, pp. 265-302 .
  4. ^ Michael Everson: Exploratory proposal to encode Germanicist, Nordicist, and other phonetic characters in the UCS . ISO / IEC JTC1 / SC2 / WG2. November 27, 2008. Retrieved February 16, 2013.