Mariengarten sister house

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The Mariengarten as a school building, before 1869

The Mariengarten sister house was a building belonging to an order-like community of beguines in the late medieval Hanseatic city of Wesel .

history

In the 13th century there were more and more groups of religious women in Wesel without a fixed religious community; such women were called "beguines". In the 14th century, beguines set up their first buildings on Sandstrasse and Brüderstrasse. These houses were located in the vicinity of the Dominican monastery, today's Church of St. Mary of the Assumption . In 1427, a religious community based on the Devotio moderna was established for women on today's Magermannstrasse. However, since the premises soon became too small, the Mariengarten was donated for this purpose in 1431. It was on Beguinenstrasse, later named after the women, at the confluence of Parchamentstrasse. The building was thus east of the medieval old town in the Mathena suburb, which had grown in the late Middle Ages . Five years later, a comparable facility for male believers was built in the area of ​​the old town, the Fraterherrenhaus (today St. Martini ). A chapel was added to the sister house in 1450, but it was not allowed to be used for public services. The Beguines enjoyed a certain level of prosperity through donations and foundations, and after the establishment of the house they also enjoyed the benevolence of the then sovereign Adolf I of Kleve and the Wesel magistrate. Formally, there was a great dependence on the magistrate, who had to approve any change to the statutes of the community and had the right to deprive women of all property in the event of gross violations of certain rules. He was also allowed to regulate the inheritance of the sisters.

From Easter 1540 the city of Wesel was influenced by Protestants, which meant that the Beguines also had to take in Protestant women. Later in the 16th century further admissions into the community were forbidden by the city's magistrate, so that towards the end of this century the community no longer existed due to a lack of members and its property fell to the city. In 1598 the city set up an orphanage in the building and from 1612 or according to another representation in 1622 it included the premises of the municipal high school . The chapel was demolished in 1774 and the main building was demolished in 1912. Konrad Duden graduated from high school there in 1846 during the almost three centuries as a school building . After the demolition, the grammar school moved into the building of today's Wesel District Court on Herzogenring. The street Mariengaden on the northern edge of Wesel city center is named after the Mariengarten sister house .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Mariengarten (zeitreise-wesel.de)
  2. ↑ a b school building (kdg-wesel.de)
  3. ↑ October 9th, 1436 - Foundation of the Fraterhaus St. Martini (wesel.de)
  4. ↑ Jutta Prieur, Werner Arand: History of the City of Wesel - Volume 2, p. 53.
  5. ↑ Kaspar Elm: Acquisition Policy and Economics of Medieval Orders and Monasteries, p. 253.
  6. ↑ Streets in Wesel - Letter M (wesel.de)

Coordinates: 51 ° 39 ′ 29.8 "  N , 6 ° 37 ′ 8.5"  E