Eye test
Eye test is the generic term for a whole series of tests that relate to different aspects of vision and visual perception. In the broadest sense, it is understood to be the test of visual acuity ( vision ). Color vision , phoria testing , stereo vision , fusion and simultaneous vision are other important functions that can be examined and whose current quality is determined. A subjective or objective refraction to determine an optimal optical correction does not take place. Depending on requirements, the test is carried out without (sc) or with (cc) the existing visual aid (glasses, contact lenses). The test arrangements are subject to precisely specified procedures, regulations and recommendations, particularly in the case of driving license eye tests, occupational medical reports and child eye tests.
execution
The eye test for determining visual acuity (visual acuity) is carried out by offering series or individual visual signs ( optotypes ) of different sizes, which the test person must correctly recognize at a distance and / or near. Usually these are numbers, letters or Landolt rings for adults, pictures or Snellen hooks for children. The smallest optotype is determined from which at least 3 of 5 presented in the test with series optotypes are still recognized. If the test subject wears glasses or contact lenses , the eye test is usually carried out with an existing correction, and in the case of an initial examination without correction. A correct eye test is carried out both monocularly , i.e. separately for the right and left eye, and binocularly . Modern eye test devices offer the possibility of a "monocular test arrangement under binocular conditions". The test person sees with eyes open on both sides, but is offered a separate image for each eye, separate from the other eye.
Driving license eye test
For the acquisition of a driver's license and for the exercise of certain professions, certain visual acuity values must not be undercut by law. An eye test is therefore required for them. “Applicants for a driving license of classes A, A1, B, BE, M, L or T have to undergo an eye test. The eye test is performed by a duly recognized eye test site [...]. "The officially recognized eye test sites are among companies of opticians , the doctor of the health authorities, doctors with the area designation industrial medicine and the doctors with the additional designation industrial medicine , provided they have the necessary qualifications and examination equipment. The achieved visual acuity with and without correction (e.g. glasses) and whether the prerequisites are fulfilled are certified, but not the strength of the correction.
If the applicant for a driving license presents a certificate or opinion from an ophthalmologist that attests to the attainment of the prescribed minimum visual acuity, an (further) eye test is not required. If the eye test is not passed, the driver's license may only be issued if it is proven by a certificate or opinion from an ophthalmologist that further requirements for the eyesight are met. Applicants for driving licenses of classes C, C1, CE, C1E, D, D1 or D1E have to undergo an ophthalmological examination and submit a certificate or expert opinion. In addition to the eye test, this examination includes an examination of the field of vision , spatial vision , eye mobility , twilight vision and color vision .
Visual acuity determinations are carried out according to the international standards DIN EN ISO 8596 and 8597 and in Germany according to DIN 58220 . The standard visual mark for eye tests is the Landolt ring .
Since March 19, 2019, the costs for an eye test are no longer regulated by a fee schedule. Before that it cost € 5.40 plus 19% VAT. = € 6.43.
The corresponding certificate must not be older than two years when applying for a driving license.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Recommendations of the German Ophthalmological Society eV for quality assurance in sensory physiological examinations and devices
- ↑ Michael Bach and Guntram Kommerell, University Eye Clinic Freiburg: Visual acuity determination according to European standards - Scientific principles and possibilities of automatic measurement
- ↑ Verkehrsportal.de Driving License Ordinance, Section 12: Vision
- ↑ § 12 II FeV Accessed on July 19, 2019
- ↑ § 12 IV FeV Accessed on July 19, 2019
- ↑ § 12 VI FeV Accessed on July 19, 2019
- ↑ From Ophthalmologe: New DIN standards for determining visual acuity , 107: 821–826 DOI10.1007 / s00347-010-2228-2, Springer Verlag 2010
- ↑ cf. Thirteenth ordinance amending the Driving License Ordinance and other road traffic regulations , Art. 4 bb
- ↑ § 12 VII FeV Accessed on July 19, 2019